tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-185344622024-03-05T03:00:08.126-05:00Jason Dovel | Perspectives in Music Pedagogy Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger17125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-32657666829196194962024-01-31T08:25:00.002-05:002024-01-31T08:35:00.614-05:00Air Temperature in Brass Pedagogy<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbFIwkfmHQEDXxkp6uSffhA12ZRmOfa0b8AEi05gSMXVXCW0oURVVZT1Jy3n0LZ9m8rAs751NAK051wxwqAng6XQ7t_q6SLO-Gp6uSyWAP7B13OyFiNQlgj3KmWrWP0TiHGTeZYKG_ea1ZehW-rCpM32VdDG0kqGG7lhu452oC3DIH4LYrK8iP/s600/Graphic.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="600" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbFIwkfmHQEDXxkp6uSffhA12ZRmOfa0b8AEi05gSMXVXCW0oURVVZT1Jy3n0LZ9m8rAs751NAK051wxwqAng6XQ7t_q6SLO-Gp6uSyWAP7B13OyFiNQlgj3KmWrWP0TiHGTeZYKG_ea1ZehW-rCpM32VdDG0kqGG7lhu452oC3DIH4LYrK8iP/s320/Graphic.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">All
brass musicians seem to invoke temperature in their playing and teaching in
some way or another. Whether it is a performer wanting to “warm-up,” or a
teacher telling their student to blow “hot” air into their instrument for some
pedagogical purpose, or a conductor confronting their ensemble’s intonation
issues due to temperature of the rehearsal room, temperature is an important
element of instrumental music. In spite of the ubiquitous usage of temperature
terminology among musicians, there seems to be little actual research on
temperature as it pertains to brass performance and pedagogy. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I
recently searched the International Trumpet Guild (ITG) index of </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ITG Journal</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">ITG Newsletter</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> articles, and found that in the nearly 50-year
history of ITG, there have only been two articles ever published on the topic
of air temperature. In both cases, the article was narrowly focused on the
effect of air temperature on intonation. I have found zero articles discussing
the pedagogy of air temperature. This article will attempt to explain and
demystify temperature as it relates to playing brass instruments.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">What is Temperature?</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Temperature
is important to brass players because, ultimately, temperature is a measurement
of speed. Temperature measures the speed, or kinetic energy, of molecules
within the air.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">According
to the authors of </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Science of Brass
Instruments</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">, “The speed of sound in air is proportional to the square root of
the absolute temperature.” (p. 277, cited below)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">There
are two basic temperatures that every reader should already know: body
temperature and room temperature. Human body temperature is usually 98.6°F (or
37°C) and “normal” room temperature is usually somewhere around 70°F (around 21°C).
Note that there is a difference of 28.6 degrees Fahrenheit of these two
temperatures. We will soon see why this disparity is important to brass
players.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Temperature and
Range</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Many
brass players use air temperature as a pedagogical tool. For example, some
teachers want students to make the air hotter in the belief that </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">changing</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> the air temperature to “hot” will
result in a better tone quality. Some teachers are more specific than that, and
instruct students to blow “warmer” air for lower notes, and “colder” air for
higher notes. Some teachers use illustrations to achieve what they perceive as
the optimal air temperature, such as “fog up a mirror” for low notes or “blow
out a candle” for higher notes.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">On
the surface, these instructions seem to make a lot of sense. Certainly, if we
open our oral cavity as if playing a low note, and blow on our hand through a
wide mouth opening, the air probably seems warm. And, if blow through a smaller
opening and/or arch our tongue, we seem to feel colder air. However, there are
at least two problems with this way of thinking. First, one law of science is
that compressed air gets hotter. Remember, temperature is a measure of speed--
Compressing air molecules makes them move faster, raising the temperature.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In
other words, it sounds like we are exactly backwards in our reasoning about air
temperature and range—but there’s actually more to the story.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In
truth, the temperature of the exhaled breath changes very little—exhaled air is
generally very close to human body temperature; what changes is actually just our
</span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">perception</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> of the exhaled air temperature.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">When
we exhale in a manner that feels “cold’ on our hand, it’s because the faster moving air mixes more quickly with the room air, and so what we feel
on our hand feels colder since the room temperature is (usually) colder than
our body temperature. In other words, we are feeling a temperature on our hand
closer to room temperature. As mentioned above, normal human body temperature
is around 98.6°F, whereas room temperature is usually much cooler, more like
70°F.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The
Bernoulli Effect is a more scientifically specific explanation for why air
blown on the hand can feel cold. Brass players who have studied the embouchure
may be familiar with Daniel Bernoulli principle; said succinctly, Bernoulli
proved that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a
decrease in pressure. The decrease in pressure caused by the increase in speed
causes the blown air to mix more quickly with the room air.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Another
explanation is that fast moving air enhances the rate of convective heat
transfer, which means we feel cooler. Just like a fan is blowing on you during
a hot summer day… the moving air feels cooler than it actually is.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">If
you are not yet convinced, here is a simple experiment to confirm this
phenomenon:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Fold
a sheet of paper into a cylinder. Blow in one end, and feel the air coming out
the other end with your hand. (Make sure hand is positioned close to the end of
the cylinder so you can feel the air directly as it exits, before it mixes with
the room air.) What you will feel coming out the end of the paper is hot air.
This is because the paper prevents the hot air from mixing with the cold air in
the room, even though it travels many inches away from your body.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">You
will discover that no matter how much you try to manipulate the air temperature,
if you feel the air before it mixes with the room air, it will always feel hot
to the touch of the hand.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The temperature of the exhaled breath is right around body temperature—although the beginning of the exhale tends to be
a bit colder (because it hasn’t been warmed up by the body as much yet) and the
end of the exhale tends to be a little bit warmer.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">You
will probably remember from your elementary school science courses that we
inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. Plants make oxygen for us and we make
carbon dioxide for the plants. As a side note (and to be as precise as possible
for readers who want to dive deeper) while it’s true that air that we inhale
will take on the temperature of our body, it’s possible that it does not heat
quite all the way up to 98.6°F (or 37°C). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It’s also true that not 100% of our expired
air is carbon dioxide. The authors of </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The
Science of Brass Instruments</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> write,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">“The
breath from the mouth of the player enters the instrument at a temperature of
around 35°C (95°F) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">and includes
significant proportions of water vapour and carbon dioxide as well as oxygen
and nitrogen” (</span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Science of Brass Instruments</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">,
p 312, reference found below)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">As
a whimsical side note, when I was researching this topic, I did find some writing
in an unexpected place: websites for people who want to beat an alcohol
breathalyzer test! Apparently the slight variation in exhaled air temperature
that results from how long you hold the inhaled hair is a part of a strategy
for ‘beating the test.’</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In
summary, a major problem with using air temperature as a pedagogical tool is
that, in truth, the temperature of the exhaled breath changes very little.
Moreover, since we do not really have a mechanism to actually adjust the
temperature of the exhaled air, any effort to control air temperature may result in unwanted physical tension.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Warming Up</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Air
temperature is also a factor in warming up musical instruments.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">A
“cold” instrument – one that is sitting and unplayed – takes on the temperature
of the room. In other words, the air inside that instrument would be room
temperature – likely around 70°F. If a player immediately began performing on
that instrument without first warming it up, the player would be flat—as the
player would be blowing 98.6°F air into a 70°F instrument, and since
temperature is a measurement of speed, this would cause the notes (frequencies)
produced to be lower in pitch than expected.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">If
a musician were to tune a “cold” instrument, in other words, set the position
of the tuning slide so that the instrument is in tune when it’s still close to 70°F,
after the player has blown body temperature air in the instrument for a few
minutes, the instrument would then tend to play sharp, because the temperature
of the instrument will increase after the player blows warm body air in it for
a period of time. (Remember, ultimately temperature is a measure of speed.)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Two
conclusions can be drawn from these observations:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(1)
Before an instrument will play in tune, the instrument itself needs to be
warmed up--in other words, the player needs to blow body-temperature air into
it for a period of time<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(2)
Proper placement of the tuning slide position should only be established after
a brass instrument has been properly warmed up.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">As
a sidebar, some players feel that it is not necessary to warm up. While it may
be true that their lips feel satisfactory despite not warming up, there is no
denying that the instrument will not play properly, or at last will not play in
tune, until it is warmed up properly.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Warm-Up
Alternative: Hug Your Instrument</span></b></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Once
in a lesson Charlie Geyer told me his alternative to blowing warm air into a
cold instrument to warm it up. He instead preferred to hold the instrument
close to his body, both hands around the trumpet and as much of the surface of
the instrument touching the body possible, allowing human body heat to transfer
to the instrument. He felt this was preferable to blowing air into a cold
instrument, since all the warm air may result in the gurgle of unwanted
condensation. Geyer’s instructions to “hug your instrument” are backed up by
science; recent thermal imaging has shown that the contact points—where we hold
the instrument—are among the hottest parts of the instrument. (</span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Science of Brass Instruments</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">, p. 47)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">It’s Not Spit,
It’s Condensation</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">When
water vapor in the exhaled breath reaches the surface of your instrument, water
vapor droplets come together and gather on the inside of the instrument. This
is called condensation, and it’s why we need a water key. (or spit valve, or
condensation valve)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Conclusions</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">I
have always been interested in this topic, but my interest was piqued recently
when one of my students got a lesson from a teacher who gave my student many
instructions with regard to changing air temperature for pedagogical purposes.
My student felt that his efforts to change the air temperature resulted in much
physical tension in his body and came to me with serious concerns. In this article, we have established we really don't have the ability to change the actual temperature of the exhaled air, therefore it stands to reason that any physical effort to adjust this temperature is misguided, and could result in improper use of the respiratory muscles. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Thinking about this prompted me to dive deeper into my research in this area, resulting in this
blog article and corresponding video.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In
summary, here are seven main conclusions one can draw about air temperature in
brass pedagogy:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The
exhaled air leaving the body is always near body temperature (around 98°F)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">An
unplayed instrument will take on the temperature of the room, which is often
much colder than human body temperature. Such an instrument should be warmed up
prior to performance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Cold
instruments tend to play flat, hot instruments tend to play sharp.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Perceived
changes in exhaled air temperature are a mistaken example of perception being
different than reality, and can be explained via the Bernouli principle,
convective heat transfer, and other factors.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Students
do not have the ability to actively change the temperature of the exhaled air.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Teachers
who instruct the students to make changes to the exhaled air temperature for pedagogical
reasons are saying something that is scientifically impossible/incorrect.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Physical
efforts to change the temperature of the exhaled air may result in unwanted
tension in the body.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The
following video is meant as a summary/companion to this blog article. Additional references and resources for further exploration follow below.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zD8HiZuJFhs" width="320" youtube-src-id="zD8HiZuJFhs"></iframe></b><br />YouTube Video: Air Temperature in Brass Pedagogy</div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">References /
Sources For Further Reading<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Journal Articles:</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Moore,
Thomas. “The Effect of Temperature on Pitch,” <i>The International Trumpet Guild Journal</i>, March 2001 (one-page only—page
62 of that journal issue) Available on the ITG website: </span><a href="https://trumpetguild.org/journal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://trumpetguild.org/journal</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Within
the “Vivace” column of the September 1988 <i>International
Trumpet Guild Journal¸ </i>the editor briefly responds to the question, “What
is the Effect of Temperature on Pitch” pages 35-37 of that journal issue.
Available on the ITG website: </span><a href="https://trumpetguild.org/journal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://trumpetguild.org/journal</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Breathe</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> journal
article: “Measurement of exhaled breath temperature in science and clinical
practice” </span><a href="https://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/8/3/186"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/8/3/186</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Book:</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Campbell,
Glibert, and Myers, </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Science</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">of Brass Instruments</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">. ASA Press, 2021.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Websites:</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Physics
Message Board Discussion on the Subject of Blowing Hot/Cold Air From Mouth </span><a href="https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/7868/why-does-the-air-we-blow-exhale-out-from-our-mouths-change-from-hot-to-cold-depe"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/7868/why-does-the-air-we-blow-exhale-out-from-our-mouths-change-from-hot-to-cold-depe</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Website explaining slight variation in exhaled air temperature; The longer air is in the body, the hotter it may become. The longer you hold your breath, the hotter it will become (in this case, a principle that some folks use to manipulate a breath test) </span><a href="https://www.webblawmaine.com/blog/avoiding-police-manipuation-breath-tests/#:~:text=The%20breath%20test%20machine%20(with,it%20will%20go%20even%20higher"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.webblawmaine.com/blog/avoiding-police-manipuation-breath-tests/#:~:text=The%20breath%20test%20machine%20(with,it%20will%20go%20even%20higher</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Other Videos:</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Physics
behind air being hot or cold </span><a href="https://youtu.be/4HfcDpxreJE?si=4kEdLA4u3sNkpue_"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://youtu.be/4HfcDpxreJE?si=4kEdLA4u3sNkpue_</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ask Science: “Why is my breath hot when I breathe and cold when I blow?” </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFMTbx4GyUY"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFMTbx4GyUY</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Temperature
of the Breath </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/022241c0"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.nature.com/articles/022241c0</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="background-color: white; clear: left; color: #002a77; display: inline; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><i style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></p><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-30170385556742902312022-09-26T12:30:00.001-04:002023-03-18T17:52:50.565-04:00The LipCam: Videographic Analysis of the Trumpet Player's Embouchure<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBBKxdxlExJpJapBmKt52chmR5UiId6c23K3AOQgxhQwH0KMLkJTYLoYgLM0HrfqupoLVPf8-TLB-LC7EWZIRyEpFEmv16NX1SDgx0u2s3iJjZ-93SvJVyKFBMfb0XzuopcouZQlISWocaoKXon1icUkIjc-IHh5uWRPC64PKyJcja_ugctA/s1809/LipCam.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="1809" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBBKxdxlExJpJapBmKt52chmR5UiId6c23K3AOQgxhQwH0KMLkJTYLoYgLM0HrfqupoLVPf8-TLB-LC7EWZIRyEpFEmv16NX1SDgx0u2s3iJjZ-93SvJVyKFBMfb0XzuopcouZQlISWocaoKXon1icUkIjc-IHh5uWRPC64PKyJcja_ugctA/w640-h214/LipCam.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span> <br /></span><span> </span>In 2017, I purchased a LipCam -- a trumpet mouthpiece with a
digital video camera inserted into its cup, which is connected to a computer
via USB interface. This technology allows the researcher to observe the
oscillation of a brass player's lips in real time, under essentially normal
performance conditions. Over the past five years, I have had many students,
colleagues, and friends play on this device, and have formed new ideas
about how the trumpet embouchure works.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>While
trumpet players' embouchures vary greatly (and I do not believe there is only
one way to play the trumpet), the LipCam has certainly made it possible to observe
common patterns and hypothesize a number of possible cause-and-effect
relationships.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I do believe we have
learned more and can establish a probable sequence of events for various types
of embouchures. These observations may help us develop actionable pedagogical
instructions that may be helpful to all players, especially those suffering
from a particular embouchure-related performance limitation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>What
follows below are actual videos of trumpet players' lips in the LipCam, as well
as some observations about those players' embouchure function.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The
Aperture<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>One area of
the embouchure that can be studied in the LipCam is the aperture. The aperture
is the hole, or opening, through which air passes. Participants in the LipCam
study exhibited a wide variety of aperture types. Some candidates had a
"wide" aperture that appeared to span the entire diameter of the
mouthpiece, and other players had a "narrow hole" concentric to the
mouthpiece circumference. In general, players could be lumped into one of these
two large umbrella categories -- wide or narrow apertures.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Dynamics<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>With regard
to dynamics, the LipCam did reinforce the common perception that the aperture
increases in size at louder volumes and decreases in size at softer volumes.
This was the case with essentially every participant in the study.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0OB87oJUaao" width="320" youtube-src-id="0OB87oJUaao"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Examples of trumpet players doing a crescendo followed by a diminuendo
on a single note</span></div></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Range</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>With regard
to range, the LipCam yielded both expected and unexpected findings. In general, the aperture did have a tendency to become smaller
as players ascended, and had a tendency to become larger as players descended. But these were not universal truths, and in fact some players exhibited
little to no change in aperture size when making changes in range. (This was especially true of participants who had "wide yet small" apertures.) Indeed, more
than one player seem to maintain the same aperture size when ascending from
high C to double C. P</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">layers who had a smaller apertures </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">generally</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> had better range than players who had larger apertures. This tended to be true across all ages and ability levels.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> A</span> common trend was for the aperture to ascend
or descend when the player changed register. For some players, as they
ascended, they appeared to put more top lip into the mouthpiece, and the
aperture accordingly traveled downward, as seen below in "Aperture Travels
Down." For other players, as they ascended, they appeared to put more
bottom lip into the mouthpiece, and the aperture accordingly traveled upward,
as seen below in "Aperture Travels Up." Across, the board,
"Aperture Travels Down" players exhibited a much stronger and easier
upper register, whereas "Aperture Travels Up" players universally had
significant struggles in the upper register. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">One could perhaps conclude from these observations that, while ascending, it is better to</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">increase</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">the amount of top lip into the mouthpiece than it is to withdraw the top lip. (More on this in "Pedagogical Applications, below)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/x3g5nHVoMqw" width="320" youtube-src-id="x3g5nHVoMqw"></iframe></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">"Aperture Travels Up"</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8lOW2-pl0I8" width="320" youtube-src-id="8lOW2-pl0I8"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">"Aperture Travels Down"</div><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Pre-Flight
Tongue Check</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Many
players who participated discovered aspects of their playing of which they
were previously unaware. One common element was the "Pre-Flight Tongue
Check," whereas the player places the tongue between the lips prior to
blowing air into the mouthpiece. While some players may lick their lips to make
them wet before players, participants in this study usually confessed they were
not trying to make their lips wet, and moreover, the amount of tongue action
seemed insufficient for significant moistening of the lips. This seems to be
just a bad habit -- or a comforting mechanism -- that a significant number of
participants did without realizing.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Wng7ldHKcU4" width="320" youtube-src-id="Wng7ldHKcU4"></iframe></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">"Pre-Flight Tongue Check" </span></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Articulation<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Across the
board, the embouchure behaved more violently when articulating than when
slurring. This was another "universal truth" that seemed to be the
case across all ages and ability levels.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H8eOFsZNe_w" width="320" youtube-src-id="H8eOFsZNe_w"></iframe></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, "serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Articulation Examples </span></div></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Asymmetrical
Embouchures<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Earlier in
this post I described "narrow" vs." wide" apertures, but
another observed phenomena was the "asymmetrical" aperture. The
asymmetrical aperture is essentially a hole that is located more
to one side than the other. In most cases, an asymmetrical aperture was also
accompanied by asymmetrical mouthpiece placement on the lips. In other words, asymmetrical mouthpiece placement on the lips did tend to result in an asymmetrical aperture appearance inside the mouthpiece.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KHIIVX_5qEE" width="320" youtube-src-id="KHIIVX_5qEE"></iframe><br />Slightly Asymmetrical Embouchure</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/VO1QasPLEoE" width="320" youtube-src-id="VO1QasPLEoE"></iframe></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Very Asymmetrical Embouchure<br />(Note: The strange fishbowl quality of this video was the result of of the difficulty in seeing this embouchure; We needed turn the mouthpiece and shoot the aperture at an odd angle, and then flip the video back around in the computer software.)</div><br /><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Musical Example: Stravinsky</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The following video shows six different players (of varying embouchures, ages, and abilities) playing the "Ballerina's Dance" from Stravinsky's ballet <i>Petrushka</i>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KpK7Uz5jYKA" width="320" youtube-src-id="KpK7Uz5jYKA"></iframe><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;">"Ballerina's Dance" from </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;">Stravinsky's </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;">Petrushka</i></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Size of
Aperture<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As a
general rule, the smaller the aperture, the easier the response, the better the
sound, and the better the range. Participants who exhibited larger apertures
tended to have poor response, fuzzier sounds, and a more limited range. This
was true and consistent across all age and experience levels.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The student in the video below demonstrates poor range, a
larger aperture (of the 'wide' variety) as well as top lip recession indicative
of an "Aperture Travels Up" variety:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gwU8zi5phwQ" width="320" youtube-src-id="gwU8zi5phwQ"></iframe></div><br /><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">General Pedagogical Applications</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">In general, my goal of using the LipCam has been to simply "observe the phenomenon." In other words, while I'm fascinated to see what really happens within the darkness of the mouthpiece, I cannot guarantee these observations will provide "the answer" to a student's particular playing problems. That being said, there area few general pedagogical suggestions I can provide to accompany the videos above:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">1. <i>The smaller the aperture, the better. </i> In general, it was easy to note the ease of response and range in subjects who had smaller apertures. To develop a smaller (and more efficient) aperture, I encourage students to practice soft attacks, three notes per sequence, using "hoo, poo, too" as their initial articulation. Practice these with the softest pianissimos and strive for immediacy of response with the softest puff of air.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">2. <i>Effect of</i> a<i>perture travel direction on range.</i> As noted above, players who had an aperture which traveled downward while ascending in range tended to have much better range than players who had an aperture which traveled up. First, I should caution any teacher about <i>directly</i> discussing "aperture travel direction" in a lesson, which could be confusing to the student. I believe the travel direction is the <i>effect</i>, and the teacher could focus on possible <i>causes</i>. The pedagogical advice is twofold: First, players may want to play scales and flow studies and be mindful of not pulling out the top lip while ascending, and second, one should observe the direction of their bell pivot when changing registers. In general, players who exhibited the "Aperture Travels Down" embouchure where those who had a traditional pivot, in other words, the bell angle went downward while ascending and upward while descending. Players who had an "Aperture Travels Up" embouchure tended to have a "reverse pivot," in other words, the angle of the bell went up while ascending and down while descending. In some ways, this LipCam study would tend to provide evidence on the merits of a traditional pivot.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">3. <i>Importance of practicing dynamic shifts.</i> I always encourage my students to practice their full range of dynamics in their daily routines. I personally practice a crescendo-diminuendo on every note of the instrument every day! This study would tend to support this kind of practice to develop focus of the aperture. (In addition to the physical benefits of such practice, the musical benefit of having broad dynamic control is obvious as well.)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">4. <i>Eliminate pre-flight checks</i>. As shown above in the "pre-flight tongue check," the LipCam sometimes revealed little habits players have that may not be necessary. I tell students, "Just blow and go." The LipCam has been helpful in showing students those little extra things they do that really do not contribute in a positive way to their performance.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Limitations
and Self-Criticism of this Study</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In this
study I have used terms such as "poor response," "limited
range," and the like. Often I, as the researcher, am making these
statements based on my pre-existing knowledge of the players being studied.
Often these players were my students and professional colleagues and I knew
their playing very well, including their strengths and weakness. In other
cases, when the players were out-of-town participants I did not know well, they
self-identified their weakness. Indeed, in many cases these qualities are
easily noticeable on the video itself (such as a student struggling to produce
high notes or producing an immediately recognizable fuzzy sound), but, these
terms and qualities are indeed subjective observations. Certainly, this study
is not immune from the presence of observer bias. Future studies utilizing
videographic observation of the trumpet player's embouchure may wish to create
more objective measurements for identifying exactly what "poor
response" and "limited range" are. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Future studies may also want to simultaneously have the LipCam on the lips and a second video camera on the trumpeter, so the external playing conditions (outside the mouthpiece) could be observed. Particularly when observing asymmetrical embouchures and apertures that "travel" up and down, a second camera on the player itself would have been really helpful. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Questions?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">If you have question, you are more than welcome to reach out
to me via the <a href="https://www.jasondoveltrumpet.com/contact.html">Contact Page on my website</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><i style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a>Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;" /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-25934416240837568532021-11-24T10:31:00.000-05:002021-11-24T10:31:26.562-05:00Sabbatical Story, Part 2: France<p>The second week of November, I flew from Corfu, Greece, to France, for a week of recitals and residencies at three French conservatories, in Lyon, Tours, and Montluçon.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgQi1qI5ipDfxGc-KeEGeaPt1JsnZZ8rx-QQlPB0niM3DVIvsPYAwiA7APSJgRq2CneRSt2ShWA-wZ23LHlo4h1Zqit5m250XaK7Q_qnV_foUw9-vAeGDJknluaPbzWkk_xUlcZenom5awhcod_RoM75-A-CbhAawLMRFjHYkwx0GsDNUmh4g=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgQi1qI5ipDfxGc-KeEGeaPt1JsnZZ8rx-QQlPB0niM3DVIvsPYAwiA7APSJgRq2CneRSt2ShWA-wZ23LHlo4h1Zqit5m250XaK7Q_qnV_foUw9-vAeGDJknluaPbzWkk_xUlcZenom5awhcod_RoM75-A-CbhAawLMRFjHYkwx0GsDNUmh4g=s320" width="320" /></a><br />Historic Montluçon, France</div><p>On November 8, 2021, I was in residence at the Lyon Conservatory, as a guest of Arnaud Schotte, Professor of Trumpet at the Lyon Conservatory. The day before my residency at the conservatory, Arnaud took me to coffee, and I enjoyed catching up with him about our many mutual friends and contacts. (As it turns out, Arnaud went to school in the United States at the Purchase Conservatory in New York, where he was a classmate of my recent University of Kentucky student Jeff Barrington.)</p><p>In the French system, students of all ages can enroll in conservatory, and the Lyon Conservatory has a total of around 70 trumpet students! I began the day with a 9:30am master class. About an hour into the class, I asked Professor Schotte how much time we had left, to which he replied, "We should stop by 12:45pm." While at first that sounded like a very long class, this turned out to be the <i>shortest</i> teaching day I had in France!</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjcSuISqNqALv5E9-s9K8y5AV96U85GBvj6c6qciyIWDkhaH2s1qzWoXryjb7SjYGCVW25jJUTiXzX1UF0UF9pUn4PXcHFknwE08EL9BARkeVWghpv4oqK38yTOZzla7b_GXgwN90QPlGfsy3QKnitXmYGkXOzL_BRLI50eUsjc5-s9Oga0XQ=s1024" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="768" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjcSuISqNqALv5E9-s9K8y5AV96U85GBvj6c6qciyIWDkhaH2s1qzWoXryjb7SjYGCVW25jJUTiXzX1UF0UF9pUn4PXcHFknwE08EL9BARkeVWghpv4oqK38yTOZzla7b_GXgwN90QPlGfsy3QKnitXmYGkXOzL_BRLI50eUsjc5-s9Oga0XQ=s320" width="240" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Jason Dovel with <span style="text-align: left;">Arnaud Schotte in Lyon, France</span></div><p>After the three-hour master class, we walked to a nearby restaurant for a delightful French lunch, where we were joined by Lyon trumpet artist Thierry Seneau and the conservatory's wonderful collaborative pianist. We then headed back to the conservatory for my afternoon recital. I played the same recital I had previously played in Greece in the United States.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgcqsQ_0LQWIcMsde6wDKeUJQdGijC37RRA4hoXsXazb8991pQxosyqI25-zkSY_GlzsyLsjgG4HaMdYxxMv0R4s1kN1sHjj6WPWQdJmBNqLd77h7SiJDQbcYGeK0X5Lz38kh-wkuvQkNLYYL3bidw5xGUJPVk-PNA8N0pKmPxSXFAV92vBAA=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgcqsQ_0LQWIcMsde6wDKeUJQdGijC37RRA4hoXsXazb8991pQxosyqI25-zkSY_GlzsyLsjgG4HaMdYxxMv0R4s1kN1sHjj6WPWQdJmBNqLd77h7SiJDQbcYGeK0X5Lz38kh-wkuvQkNLYYL3bidw5xGUJPVk-PNA8N0pKmPxSXFAV92vBAA=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Trumpet Recital at the Lyon Conservatory</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgWvJyFfvyvZNKrXLXWJz6qV50uAy8BQHVzkPEi1mtbk6dSpm1SNT-6ApsHOUMKyzhc8P7xWMkrqskMTMqlmiLsG9TdTbCDJDlo2odqDj_6dkq7T1BON7_WafCBqAqjMOCN69ehkPCl3zgsMbvHlocmD976pg8xPc1yNt9sAWUxdD30dDPLpw=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgWvJyFfvyvZNKrXLXWJz6qV50uAy8BQHVzkPEi1mtbk6dSpm1SNT-6ApsHOUMKyzhc8P7xWMkrqskMTMqlmiLsG9TdTbCDJDlo2odqDj_6dkq7T1BON7_WafCBqAqjMOCN69ehkPCl3zgsMbvHlocmD976pg8xPc1yNt9sAWUxdD30dDPLpw=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">View of Lyon, France, as seen from the hilltop Lyon Conservatory</div><p>On November 9, I was a guest artist at the Francis Poulenc Conservatoire in Tours, France, as a guest of professor Arnaud Juchault. (In planning this tour I had to be careful keeping straight my emails with Arnaud Schotte in Lyon and Arnaud Juchault in Tours!) I enjoyed meeting Professor's Juchault dear family as well as staying in their beautiful country home during my visit.</p><p>I started the day in Tours by teaching a warm-up class and then taught an afternoon master class in which most of the conservatory's students played a solo piece or etude for me for feedback. I was especially honored that many of the Tours students had prepared <i>my original compositions</i> to play for me! At the end of the day I coached a trumpet ensemble made up of some of the conservatory's youngest students.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjKbA0DH3xj0eIXkrXR3t1TeJoBmAkZJj8olpL5_0JrUCrOnlN6OF4L26H9Zx5jcSq9twv7isSBzzbO1YvPRdEczgL_O3Dt21Wcgy4Ls-ATGqyMGcyh0VG4fwZn1yH3cz9fJ-Xfnq9pI1Ty8tVYjdwPq4jsDrzgDC4TzOv0MTDB1C_FoA2lcA=s960" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjKbA0DH3xj0eIXkrXR3t1TeJoBmAkZJj8olpL5_0JrUCrOnlN6OF4L26H9Zx5jcSq9twv7isSBzzbO1YvPRdEczgL_O3Dt21Wcgy4Ls-ATGqyMGcyh0VG4fwZn1yH3cz9fJ-Xfnq9pI1Ty8tVYjdwPq4jsDrzgDC4TzOv0MTDB1C_FoA2lcA=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Presenting a master class to students at the Poulenc Conservatory</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhoLO37riqPNnMBJmV22koUWUBE588kej79fVjgWVPDZgh4SIVh-x-3XUFfpOxjoV8rGD5IE3dqYgYcm30n1zGRR-ikdlRrMuUBXmKj_mRJeCLaBWQBn8qzM_vAowvEE8h3vMM4otNPaqhp8VM6Z1dBF1KGKTDODaEB2Njh9I7ToknpWjcHhw=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1265" data-original-width="2048" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhoLO37riqPNnMBJmV22koUWUBE588kej79fVjgWVPDZgh4SIVh-x-3XUFfpOxjoV8rGD5IE3dqYgYcm30n1zGRR-ikdlRrMuUBXmKj_mRJeCLaBWQBn8qzM_vAowvEE8h3vMM4otNPaqhp8VM6Z1dBF1KGKTDODaEB2Njh9I7ToknpWjcHhw=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">With students at the Poulenc Conservatory</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEizHMs3wPMo7txatwfLj5d5HdfjnWaY3TpdPBJjgUtlbH_EvbxG_S2HR-nlQJNzSsrOn6qCVexftgNtmC_zd6wam7rVEfE6PZ-oH1gr-QwfgR7cmU5RPIWoi4tcq_mKyKKUrtiQio8aQgQxwPpzNm_wAq7IbIu1Ne8c5T25ldX8nOQXbcR91w=s1706" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1105" data-original-width="1706" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEizHMs3wPMo7txatwfLj5d5HdfjnWaY3TpdPBJjgUtlbH_EvbxG_S2HR-nlQJNzSsrOn6qCVexftgNtmC_zd6wam7rVEfE6PZ-oH1gr-QwfgR7cmU5RPIWoi4tcq_mKyKKUrtiQio8aQgQxwPpzNm_wAq7IbIu1Ne8c5T25ldX8nOQXbcR91w=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;">Arnaud Juchault with Jason Dovel</span></div><p>On November 10, I visited the Conservatoire André Messager in Montluçon, France, as a guest of professor Andre Bonnici. I had more free time in Montluçon, and Andre was kind enough to give me a wonderful tour of his charming town. Montluçon could be a Hollywood backlot for a movie set in the 1200s - only it's the real thing! In addition to enjoying the historic town, I also really enjoyed having meals in Andre's home with his dear family.</p><p>Andre really organized my visit well and a number of local educators and students from other conservatories attended the day's events, which was organized along the lines of an American "Trumpet Day" type festival. I gave a master class from around 1pm - 6pm and then played a recital at 6:30pm. It was a wonderful day!</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiiNEbOg0yB9r11ZqGoSn3mUlQRYNCola1kjdUirkDSHsmeax7KSJwhKkdL9MdSBZyjMlRf3VarAzHgIg7UgRafZ5SEq2PUdwoE1jjItk4TqlsWbc3utME8TJkzKa8wKBEcKyUGer6vUJeCZiwHkClyp7ndF08eHLjRAnhBgWcEGGG-onmzEg=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiiNEbOg0yB9r11ZqGoSn3mUlQRYNCola1kjdUirkDSHsmeax7KSJwhKkdL9MdSBZyjMlRf3VarAzHgIg7UgRafZ5SEq2PUdwoE1jjItk4TqlsWbc3utME8TJkzKa8wKBEcKyUGer6vUJeCZiwHkClyp7ndF08eHLjRAnhBgWcEGGG-onmzEg=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">View of Montluçon, France</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiAsT3Q7F8CiNdT7--UlFsA6ZFNrflQumRTPCOIIAuQDs9HlqVbOX4u133px4kUVQswhsbD6_u8-RJv82FY-FJ5jPpFZx6dKtbGdZ1t45HthI1P_VICTOAB5J8zXgZ8U9jokeFC9ESlCubYq4AWarxh5rA7gn2CO3_0g_pwswIjJSR6MFX4EA=s1000" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1000" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiAsT3Q7F8CiNdT7--UlFsA6ZFNrflQumRTPCOIIAuQDs9HlqVbOX4u133px4kUVQswhsbD6_u8-RJv82FY-FJ5jPpFZx6dKtbGdZ1t45HthI1P_VICTOAB5J8zXgZ8U9jokeFC9ESlCubYq4AWarxh5rA7gn2CO3_0g_pwswIjJSR6MFX4EA=s320" width="320" /></a><br />Posing by Louie Armstrong at the Montluçon Music Museum (Museum of the Musiques Populaires)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhptMqq22ze6TvbfpXqe0Zfj0uDBg5rXX-1L2azJjQhHcGJm0rf5QQB_BG5nwQFrizX65grkyoP48vmqgH3pK-cy5A6CrpB4WWStHbCgpG-XtRYwWr81M5LeUPWkOCaWGYBxmLKaUQVJ4opL8r3nBjuJn_BLD0KulrvmUN55QepRL70nH0CZg=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhptMqq22ze6TvbfpXqe0Zfj0uDBg5rXX-1L2azJjQhHcGJm0rf5QQB_BG5nwQFrizX65grkyoP48vmqgH3pK-cy5A6CrpB4WWStHbCgpG-XtRYwWr81M5LeUPWkOCaWGYBxmLKaUQVJ4opL8r3nBjuJn_BLD0KulrvmUN55QepRL70nH0CZg=s320" width="240" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;">Andre Bonnici and Jason Dovel</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj62o6nrxbW4mQJTQueh0yRqPSOzZH0EXu33g2j6URY5SGV9ANMTgYCEp1faTdZeD64h3-zpuZyV81_sBPDClpHweLAEeQsyUz_cGnr0YC-xhL0wlERi2XgAGM_h6SNp-cr0wM6MntdIJCqGnOn8qjRxg2czmi-LHPW1vdnx32r15g50ZIo5Q=s1428" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1428" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj62o6nrxbW4mQJTQueh0yRqPSOzZH0EXu33g2j6URY5SGV9ANMTgYCEp1faTdZeD64h3-zpuZyV81_sBPDClpHweLAEeQsyUz_cGnr0YC-xhL0wlERi2XgAGM_h6SNp-cr0wM6MntdIJCqGnOn8qjRxg2czmi-LHPW1vdnx32r15g50ZIo5Q=w400-h179" width="400" /></a><br />With some of the Montluçon students after my recital</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhnuuCkhFjUFSeSAlqVGgn2kmgp_QSzBE_1RJQPTw1qAdSQPoAx4EnzzMBg421w-MomF4BP4AvgtMzW6OqClBVVtnOG5qw2ZRgAvudjbrIwdcFyIT0X7rZNpSeR2VpMIGSypyuBQMgf2UEnFQ45Z5qS814k9yo5gBGNLuNKrQ_LckMRf1_ctg=s2048" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1036" data-original-width="2048" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhnuuCkhFjUFSeSAlqVGgn2kmgp_QSzBE_1RJQPTw1qAdSQPoAx4EnzzMBg421w-MomF4BP4AvgtMzW6OqClBVVtnOG5qw2ZRgAvudjbrIwdcFyIT0X7rZNpSeR2VpMIGSypyuBQMgf2UEnFQ45Z5qS814k9yo5gBGNLuNKrQ_LckMRf1_ctg=w400-h203" width="400" /></a><br />A trumpet student performs during the day's festivities in the conservatory recital hall</div><br /><span style="text-align: left;">It has been such a wonderful opportunity to live, perform, and teach in Europe for this sabbatical. In the upcoming blog post(s), I hope to share some tourist-y things I did apart from the trumpet, as well as share some insights on things I learned on this sabbatical.</span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><i style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a>Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://finearts.uky.edu/music/events/uk-summer-trumpet-institute" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-50033128139835437412021-11-22T10:39:00.001-05:002021-11-22T10:39:33.781-05:00Sabbatical Story, Part 1: Corfu and First Tour<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhLznDHTscPWi9fxXR6Od0QB4LMGw8bXdI7uDWdx_dezxY1xLI7_rVWhe5VfNH_Bwuvn5Tp7R9BNQiYob5C_rFO9A3bKkYhUxCMjk-We4dBxttIImENw9vwr21Co_AOfj1FCM26iYu1wC9iJ_fp469umePC_zQXhyikR6MV3BWT7PO2A1ZtcQ=s1387" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="923" data-original-width="1387" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhLznDHTscPWi9fxXR6Od0QB4LMGw8bXdI7uDWdx_dezxY1xLI7_rVWhe5VfNH_Bwuvn5Tp7R9BNQiYob5C_rFO9A3bKkYhUxCMjk-We4dBxttIImENw9vwr21Co_AOfj1FCM26iYu1wC9iJ_fp469umePC_zQXhyikR6MV3BWT7PO2A1ZtcQ=s320" width="320" /></a></div><p>In Fall 2021, I was granted sabbatical leave from the University of Kentucky to serve as Visiting Professor of Trumpet at Ionian University in Corfu, Greece. I am so grateful for this opportunity and thankful for UK administrators who support important professional development projects. (Thank you Dr. Pelkey and Dean Shanda.)</p><p>Corfu is a Greek island that lies west of mainland Greece and east of Italy. Ionian University is located in "Old Town" Corfu, and the Department of Music Studies itself is located on the historical Old Fortress grounds. I can not imagine a more scenic place for music study!</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg5OnDEH-pw1JWFM_hEE6SzILOO9FzyJLioeKQ3Ck3HHk9KAoIkA1_sxDRPX5yiYYDevPktEzi8DW-91Qa7-ryrTg0U6zi2t5QuoTrwzcwnBaAYo1eOiXx_CHunIHpvL4jEWswmlYBxIWdQmtAeXTel3YOkgybED3ypCHkUnnrH5aKp7z_M5Q=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg5OnDEH-pw1JWFM_hEE6SzILOO9FzyJLioeKQ3Ck3HHk9KAoIkA1_sxDRPX5yiYYDevPktEzi8DW-91Qa7-ryrTg0U6zi2t5QuoTrwzcwnBaAYo1eOiXx_CHunIHpvL4jEWswmlYBxIWdQmtAeXTel3YOkgybED3ypCHkUnnrH5aKp7z_M5Q=w640-h480" width="640" /></a><br /><span>View of the Old Fortress in Old Town Corfu, with the Ionian University music building circled in red</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgfu9acg9p55k4M9Gtmehn6tV1xhxVLrJn6MGnFXEAUozHZXykdSYuKf-f-OYR8FenrZxf_EKkpAGOHb84_iisCMMFMlrEXCubQW6HQOgzPpv0QkUwmZjdbBxXCjrJwtq8sHmTrVoJSK9YfdwKNQoQl1OcDQyoG8CrWR62B0G15IPrmvj3Odw=s2730" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2730" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgfu9acg9p55k4M9Gtmehn6tV1xhxVLrJn6MGnFXEAUozHZXykdSYuKf-f-OYR8FenrZxf_EKkpAGOHb84_iisCMMFMlrEXCubQW6HQOgzPpv0QkUwmZjdbBxXCjrJwtq8sHmTrVoJSK9YfdwKNQoQl1OcDQyoG8CrWR62B0G15IPrmvj3Odw=w640-h270" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>Restaurants along Old Town Corfu's famous Spianáda Square</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiHixiBEKKELJn1y0_r5DElx18B4vXdBo9X5HJG9YiCzPOjWzgXubyfUdnxOITwyasOtrtwjuJ8CH8n1FWWzUl5KoXEnAS37O4w66W3u3dgcfxj__bWSLwyeRW95Io9fIgl2k9GWFPq-Gp0zCwa4gWMuyYPSw1AvELvohNm8TvxHIjr6_b1UQ=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiHixiBEKKELJn1y0_r5DElx18B4vXdBo9X5HJG9YiCzPOjWzgXubyfUdnxOITwyasOtrtwjuJ8CH8n1FWWzUl5KoXEnAS37O4w66W3u3dgcfxj__bWSLwyeRW95Io9fIgl2k9GWFPq-Gp0zCwa4gWMuyYPSw1AvELvohNm8TvxHIjr6_b1UQ=w400-h300" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>Harbor just a short walk northwest of the Old Fortress. Sea is the Ionian Sea, mountains in background are mountains of mainland Greece</span></div><span><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiEXTavaxVwYJ8e5Uwmjqeczh87Y_lt-YdQXn2Gxmcl5kfSDEr7atcPcP9XkaE8p9UorX8H3uAwPurvgW2lSN_7wjaijMiN3JC8UgFs-5JSsc94pcHkfr3K3JzmzN5FCHXMiqLoe1aJsds51_kU889WDTuYKLBhbvWGQvxARYDNcCmu842jHQ=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiEXTavaxVwYJ8e5Uwmjqeczh87Y_lt-YdQXn2Gxmcl5kfSDEr7atcPcP9XkaE8p9UorX8H3uAwPurvgW2lSN_7wjaijMiN3JC8UgFs-5JSsc94pcHkfr3K3JzmzN5FCHXMiqLoe1aJsds51_kU889WDTuYKLBhbvWGQvxARYDNcCmu842jHQ=w400-h300" width="400" /></a><br /><span>Standing on the south side of the Old Fortress (music building on opposite site)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Ionian University did not begin courses until the first week of October. So, prior to departing for Greece, I played four solo recitals in the United States: at the University of Kentucky, Western Kentucky University, Arkansas State University, and University of North Texas. (If you'd like to take a listen, the <a href="https://youtu.be/C-Q4O_kipAo?t=161" target="_blank">livestream capture from the WKU recital is still available online here</a>)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiMH2nsjK6iq-QoaXi0GJH6oclgRyJ4NkKYqh_7AaLupQrLYluEkWBnSlmUrNuQbEPh4SiHRsgqRdL19Bbp6ZSOMqP9L2uyGH5A_azsmdTi8RLyhQAGSPBqtDkqQHZVEpBfFT7PX6T5znRAQO-h_UvILX_LBneAHvqq8kvpaRt8am4KLcaN_A=s960" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiMH2nsjK6iq-QoaXi0GJH6oclgRyJ4NkKYqh_7AaLupQrLYluEkWBnSlmUrNuQbEPh4SiHRsgqRdL19Bbp6ZSOMqP9L2uyGH5A_azsmdTi8RLyhQAGSPBqtDkqQHZVEpBfFT7PX6T5znRAQO-h_UvILX_LBneAHvqq8kvpaRt8am4KLcaN_A=w300-h400" width="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>With my friend Dr. Sarah Herbert, Professor of Trumpet at Western Kentucky University (Bowling Green, KY)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhnWk3Z2X-0FvbFnI_VN4wAEUxE0iAIFyRFGUygpBfpqw_JnQ7YNF7otAeYM0sbNDi0joz8G8CFkhkuslQAqYwMUGwJndCjFSSEYuOoSZlfES1kLb_u1b5cD6v1978PbfRmuBJGpa6US_f7-efR4rE6b13Kt4_BqnSaskNo-Tjc2n4tPFilZA=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhnWk3Z2X-0FvbFnI_VN4wAEUxE0iAIFyRFGUygpBfpqw_JnQ7YNF7otAeYM0sbNDi0joz8G8CFkhkuslQAqYwMUGwJndCjFSSEYuOoSZlfES1kLb_u1b5cD6v1978PbfRmuBJGpa6US_f7-efR4rE6b13Kt4_BqnSaskNo-Tjc2n4tPFilZA=w400-h300" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>With University of North Texas professor Dr. Raquel Samayoa and UNT students (Denton, Texas)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgD1DOU5daWu6tNpvC-_pZNlz6iYpRP6aQ5Xj12bqmmSK1xaLpUtRuHxuL43xphFpoLH4btEVl20Q2UGf1EHxCyrEntm7JDTk8NztivpIgwBZoqZIjMDAUia3cABNvoH4Y8ZO7glR-y-hT0iNUjVnI2CifmI4W0xsMkuEGbB_RGo_SNg68Ufg=s960" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgD1DOU5daWu6tNpvC-_pZNlz6iYpRP6aQ5Xj12bqmmSK1xaLpUtRuHxuL43xphFpoLH4btEVl20Q2UGf1EHxCyrEntm7JDTk8NztivpIgwBZoqZIjMDAUia3cABNvoH4Y8ZO7glR-y-hT0iNUjVnI2CifmI4W0xsMkuEGbB_RGo_SNg68Ufg=w400-h300" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>With students at Arkansas State University (Jonesboro, Arkansas)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;">After my recital tour, I flew from Lexington to Athens, Greece. Prior to starting my service at Ionian University, I had a wonderful time catching up with my Greek friends that I had met in previous trips to Greece.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh4AIM955jcADj8edLgl-l8aW5HZOYmkT8HhXLflgFdfDQEQgaUw_VduhL93h5yYcWAJNsei76xuyP0aHyw__gLJjcDd8MXOxaT0kFxRHf7HbIVf9NGfeKRrgg8ULXh0-e6PnhhjPXOCDahKZDq70l1XI5X1SN4AVydVU5ij-95ygi3UEXyOQ=s1930" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1086" data-original-width="1930" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh4AIM955jcADj8edLgl-l8aW5HZOYmkT8HhXLflgFdfDQEQgaUw_VduhL93h5yYcWAJNsei76xuyP0aHyw__gLJjcDd8MXOxaT0kFxRHf7HbIVf9NGfeKRrgg8ULXh0-e6PnhhjPXOCDahKZDq70l1XI5X1SN4AVydVU5ij-95ygi3UEXyOQ=w400-h225" width="400" /></a></div><div><div style="text-align: center;"><span>Lunch near Athens with Gerassimos Ioannidis, George & Mirto Babarakos</span></div><div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">After a brief visit in Athens, I flew to the island of Corfu and got settled in my apartment, which is located near the New Fortress. (The music department is about a 10-minute walk away, by the Old Fortress)</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj8BQJ_kevAWgZ7uziSstIwMIQcOEUI8wpIZat6gSvylAqsqteCsonFobTB7qWdUKp2YzxgXqi8V0FkyiIZmFZ0mH9g0K_dRrJieN3XBTQGUqfjqFQHdbrg-o7HcF_-W66mft84Ba9vjITq88N9rcoViNixoURjDKSQSQuJ_Sya5r2DdbYHiA=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj8BQJ_kevAWgZ7uziSstIwMIQcOEUI8wpIZat6gSvylAqsqteCsonFobTB7qWdUKp2YzxgXqi8V0FkyiIZmFZ0mH9g0K_dRrJieN3XBTQGUqfjqFQHdbrg-o7HcF_-W66mft84Ba9vjITq88N9rcoViNixoURjDKSQSQuJ_Sya5r2DdbYHiA=w640-h480" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>View of Old Town Corfu from the perspective of the New Fortress</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">At Ionian University, I have enjoyed teaching weekly trumpet lessons to the ten trumpet students, weekly studio classes, and also guest lectures in other courses, especially music composition courses. In these other courses, have taught about extended techniques, early music, and how to compose and arrange for trumpet and other brass instruments.</div><div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiqgh8mhwgRIjmytbADF9qj-3H20Gp7wqVJEj7cO3jxKOjvKi1BSqBgMQNTWIrXuIHUYXuGRR0BbHcC6HcPXHqsSRAEoDctaU2Wt5VclmrjlDViMJlXxZOzF0QT2h2DP_9S7BIKL-enTebz0K3DxJ7V3pvsPEXnIxDdlsB6QEvCBtjyJ7Wz0g=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1217" data-original-width="2048" height="381" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiqgh8mhwgRIjmytbADF9qj-3H20Gp7wqVJEj7cO3jxKOjvKi1BSqBgMQNTWIrXuIHUYXuGRR0BbHcC6HcPXHqsSRAEoDctaU2Wt5VclmrjlDViMJlXxZOzF0QT2h2DP_9S7BIKL-enTebz0K3DxJ7V3pvsPEXnIxDdlsB6QEvCBtjyJ7Wz0g=w640-h381" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>Jason Dovel with trumpet students at Ionian University</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi2dcSF5v84JH4lIzVf0VsDT7WsLJViIGOqDuSZHpJeJZ08t0dD7CttOwhCtCHeF6zDPiYp3myDFVnE3PHzECJe1qMsMHR_D-RcUxdwhV0tEpD8zIw2DGBY2wj6FJ07XW1bEUqgGBvXgv0CE78K1NTwV7h4lw5Zmn8Av4uKnhzWZZWQKRSw2A=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi2dcSF5v84JH4lIzVf0VsDT7WsLJViIGOqDuSZHpJeJZ08t0dD7CttOwhCtCHeF6zDPiYp3myDFVnE3PHzECJe1qMsMHR_D-RcUxdwhV0tEpD8zIw2DGBY2wj6FJ07XW1bEUqgGBvXgv0CE78K1NTwV7h4lw5Zmn8Av4uKnhzWZZWQKRSw2A=w480-h640" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>Standing by the entrance to the Ionian University Department of Music Studies</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjhuaU0GUTY28fPuAoo6N8d0wqzMWR7eNXZcveWtRpYpGLSg35HQn66AphMWcoB7PpefRFDRpOBDB1DZ-KBKt4iKx3tq8Fks-oAyA8hHIwR4-fRQNsI-zc8vqNRLu0A3HKyMnfd1CyNkRdvK8YTWZKvM2VPW4UMLCD9yLQXmdQytZT3jgrCbQ=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjhuaU0GUTY28fPuAoo6N8d0wqzMWR7eNXZcveWtRpYpGLSg35HQn66AphMWcoB7PpefRFDRpOBDB1DZ-KBKt4iKx3tq8Fks-oAyA8hHIwR4-fRQNsI-zc8vqNRLu0A3HKyMnfd1CyNkRdvK8YTWZKvM2VPW4UMLCD9yLQXmdQytZT3jgrCbQ=w400-h300" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>Inside the Ionian University Music Dept</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi8I2nO51NpaGrXprXPANw4K30GTdLDIezYpWjcJeWdVaR0ZN8iSiGXAmOD0xP2JOez3uVNOmwYciPPFz-T0AyjFE1NeTtyZ50VHtd7OAeGH9NpXbjQaCgz3Xq36C0-41GDCc_xx5F3Z_AYH06CLxDY7bHk9Z7cEQ1OeHEukBBTqziolNFYEQ=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi8I2nO51NpaGrXprXPANw4K30GTdLDIezYpWjcJeWdVaR0ZN8iSiGXAmOD0xP2JOez3uVNOmwYciPPFz-T0AyjFE1NeTtyZ50VHtd7OAeGH9NpXbjQaCgz3Xq36C0-41GDCc_xx5F3Z_AYH06CLxDY7bHk9Z7cEQ1OeHEukBBTqziolNFYEQ=w400-h300" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>Ionian University trumpet studio class</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9CzX5FvTyJi-ANyqWfUYXOLIkphFMjWflVuwv1f1aDWXSz1WISAGdNEr0Wy1BuSRpYW6XWiuIGcQ15oKrtvNE0oX4L1SvbK9v4E0A587WsfjS-5OBSPpMN6mFY6yXTqnAdTWghlsoPaoIIKeF8knXzQQkgGH8FMqTWeoZGuACfoWpdL2mog=s1835" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1835" data-original-width="1734" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9CzX5FvTyJi-ANyqWfUYXOLIkphFMjWflVuwv1f1aDWXSz1WISAGdNEr0Wy1BuSRpYW6XWiuIGcQ15oKrtvNE0oX4L1SvbK9v4E0A587WsfjS-5OBSPpMN6mFY6yXTqnAdTWghlsoPaoIIKeF8knXzQQkgGH8FMqTWeoZGuACfoWpdL2mog=w378-h400" width="378" /></a><br /><span>Students Prodromos Vourliotis and Xristina Livana perform during studio class (by coincidence, they both in high school studied with George Babarakos, my longtime Greek friend who I met for lunch in Athens in the earlier picture above)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjJ1-xGl722_0UwmIi7R5cUPsUBpL0zFJdA9zm--iotb6ADqdgcdp439EXW1LHYS6FFt55BTFisJW4JaLkFnfQtwHJ0zVaej-TPmwce9V_pY-wurkVkTTHobSs9gHpihwjXlcgxAkhgC6Jmokd0s17SIQqp10UEL715GIHeyR8e0V4Amt7rMQ=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjJ1-xGl722_0UwmIi7R5cUPsUBpL0zFJdA9zm--iotb6ADqdgcdp439EXW1LHYS6FFt55BTFisJW4JaLkFnfQtwHJ0zVaej-TPmwce9V_pY-wurkVkTTHobSs9gHpihwjXlcgxAkhgC6Jmokd0s17SIQqp10UEL715GIHeyR8e0V4Amt7rMQ=w400-h300" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Dinner with the Ionian University trumpet studio</div></div><span><br /></span></div></div></div>The students at Ionian University are very eager to learn and have been great to interact with. The repertoire they bring to their lessons is largely the same materials you would find in an American trumpet studio: Long tones by Vincent Cichowicz and Bai Lin, Charlier etudes, Concerti by Haydn and Hummel, as well as sonatas by Hansen, Kennan, etc.</div><div><br /></div><div>On Wednesday, November 3, 2021, at 7:30pm, I played a faculty trumpet recital at Ionian University. The <a href="https://ionio.gr/gr/news/22676/?fbclid=IwAR1Fn7-sTJvZG0sA3xP3ZnvJC0koFRc3YuQnZstY0XBNAQP9ixuzjP_OETo" target="_blank">university press release for this event can be found here</a>. This was the first live concert in the Ionian Academy's Ceremonial Hall in 18 months!</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEizpxpr9QldnYF7tNNEl7PeR874Z3T2fZrSVu0xJh5c1wqu6x8s0TXhxaIOWtTR23IaaXnvOeN491iRb1Aw1D5gEKL7_dF3XOsPF3jRIOrtbgS7GUo2OzFbNisxRyxqa6USQ1OkmlnVgFQAdoxlcNSKF-O2nReG-qYj9Pv_wccy_Rm2edCcIQ=s1660" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1121" data-original-width="1660" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEizpxpr9QldnYF7tNNEl7PeR874Z3T2fZrSVu0xJh5c1wqu6x8s0TXhxaIOWtTR23IaaXnvOeN491iRb1Aw1D5gEKL7_dF3XOsPF3jRIOrtbgS7GUo2OzFbNisxRyxqa6USQ1OkmlnVgFQAdoxlcNSKF-O2nReG-qYj9Pv_wccy_Rm2edCcIQ=w400-h270" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span>With students following my IU trumpet recital.</span></div><div><p>I am really enjoying my sabbatical so far and plan to share "the rest of the story" on this blog in the near future. More coming soon, stay tuned!</p><p></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><i style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a>Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://finearts.uky.edu/music/events/uk-summer-trumpet-institute" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-1851074576110110562021-04-28T07:07:00.002-04:002021-04-28T07:07:34.947-04:00Vocal Phonation Modes for the Brass Player<p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b>Synopsis</b></span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Singers
have a well-codified system of vocal phonation modes that may parallel sound
production for the brass player. Study of these modes may help brass players
produce sounds that are more resonant and more colorful.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><b>Introduction</b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Brass
players and singers have much in common. For both groups, an actual part of the
human body produces the sound. For the brass player, it is the lips; for the
singer, the vocal cords. In both cases, flesh is activated by the flow of air,
and the faster the oscillation of that tissue, the higher the pitch. In both
cases, the diaphragm, thoracic, and abdominal muscles modify the respiratory
system's natural process. The sound of a
singer's vocal cords vibrating prior to passing through the oral cavity sounds
quite a bit like a brass player buzzing their mouthpiece. (Steenstrup, 18)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Singers
have a long and robust tradition in exploring the science of sound production,
a tradition that in some ways is superior to what we know about sound production
in brass instruments. For today's blog article, I would like to focus on some
basic ideas of vocal sound production, and how they might inform our thoughts
about brass playing. In particular, I would like for brass players to explore
how they may be able to develop and explore new tone colors, in a similar
manner to how singers do this with vocal phonation modes.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">For
starters, four principles regarding sound production for singers should be
noted:</span></p>
<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.
The vocal cords are a singer's reed, and they consist of the thyroarytenoid
muscle and a membrane that covers it.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">2.
Adduction is the "closing" movement of the vocal folds, coming
together.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">3.
Abduction is the "opening" movement of the vocal folds, separating apart.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">4.
The sound quality (timbre) is largely derived from the balance of opening and
closing phases.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the closing phase is longer
than the opening phase, the sound will be brighter (richer in upper harmonics).
If the opening phase is longer than the closing phase, the sound will be darker
(lacking in upper harmonics).</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(For
a more in-depth explanation of harmonics and tone color, <a href="https://youtu.be/94E5HewSWQY" target="_blank">check out the video I made last year on this subject</a>.)</span></p></blockquote>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Process of Phonation</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
phonation process involves the opening and closing phases of the vocal cords in
response to the air, in a manner quite similar to that of the brass player’s
lips. Since I am not a singer, allow me to directly reference a well-respected
vocal pedagogy source: Agostoni writes:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">“During
the expiration the vocal cords are drawn together by the adductor muscles; the
subglottic pressure pushes them apart, while their elastic recoil and the
decrease of the lateral pressure due to the increase in kinetic pressure
(Bernoulli principle) close them again, thus generating a periodic flow.” (Agostini, 105</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">–</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">106)</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqcd6izDbQoN0cxqQ5Puy7rHzyaawFS4ZubmRUEzKLGKvik2sYmUEBCv1lhOB2hGUe7fmqFBk52m8hvk7AEUMAMrLNBqByQ7wozsa0n76j9a5agr9mYQVU4Ec_FpeCfkjLeHjj/s2048/vocalphonation.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1416" data-original-width="2048" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqcd6izDbQoN0cxqQ5Puy7rHzyaawFS4ZubmRUEzKLGKvik2sYmUEBCv1lhOB2hGUe7fmqFBk52m8hvk7AEUMAMrLNBqByQ7wozsa0n76j9a5agr9mYQVU4Ec_FpeCfkjLeHjj/w400-h276/vocalphonation.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Types of Phonation</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Vocal
phonation is the process by which the vocal folds produce sound. Vocal
pedagogues know that the timbre of a singer’s voice is determined by the type
of phonation they employ. In the standard voice pedagogy textbook, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Science of the Singing </i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Voice (1987),
Johan Sundberg introduced four types of phonation: breathy, pressed, flow, and
neutral. Since that time, other modes have been described, such as creak
phonation and falsetto phonation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Breathy Phonation</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p>B</o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">reathy
phonation is when there is a higher airflow (and according to Boyle’s law,
inversely, lower air pressure)</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">and a low
adduction force. A great deal of air passing between the vocal folds that are
held together by a smaller adduction force means that the vocal folds likely do
not come completely together. This causes air to pass over the vocal folds that
is not used for vibration, but rather, is heard as noise. Therefore, the
unvibrated “noise” is perceptible in the sound quality, leading to a “breathy”
timbre. This timbre of breathing phonation has a lower intensity of the upper
harmonics.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Substituting
"lips" for "vocal cords," and keeping the air in common, we
can conjecture a brass playing equivalent of breathy phonation. Indeed, brass
players get an airy sound, lacking in upper harmonics, when lips do not come
completely together. Said another way, an airy sound may be the result of a
lack of muscular contraction of the lip muscles and/or an aperture that is too
large.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">My
friend and former University of Kentucky trumpet professor Vince DiMartino sometimes
uses the term "blow-by" to describe this phenomenon for trumpet
players -- Air that passes between the lips unvibrated and is heard as noise.
It would seem to me that the “DiMartino Blow-by” and traditional vocal </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">breathy phonation</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> have much in common.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Pressed Phonation</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Another
vocal phonation mode is pressed phonation. If the vocal cords are pressed
together with a high adduction force, combined with a higher air pressure, the
closing phase is longer than the opening phase, which would result in a
stronger intensity of the upper harmonics, which may be perceived as a
"strident" or "bright" sound.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
brass playing equivalent of pressed phonation could be considered to be the
strident sound, strong in upper harmonics, that results from the combination of
lips that are pressed very tightly together, with high air pressure.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Flow Phonation (also
called Resonant Phonation)</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Flow
phonation is the most resonant method of vocal phonation. Characteristics of
flow phonation include high airflow, and a high but balanced subglottal
pressure. Flow phonation is the most desirable method of singing and results in
a balanced spectrum of harmonics.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
brass playing equivalent to flow phonation could be when airflow and lips are
working together, perfectly in balance, to produce the most resonant sound
quality.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Other Modes of Phonation</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Vocal
pedagogues also describe other modes of vocal phonation. Creak phonation is
when there is a strong adduction force but at a very low frequency; this is the
result of irregular oscillation. This is also known as “vocal fry.” Falsetto
phonation is where the vocal folds are stretched and the vibrating surface is
quite thin; this results in much higher pitches. (I’m not sure if there would
be a direct equivalent of this phonation for brass players, but it sure would
be nice if there was a quick way to pop up the octave!)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Changing Colors</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p>W</o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">hile
“flow phonation” may be the most ideal method for producing a resonant sound,
singers may intentionally use other modes of phonation to change their vocal
color, for expressive purposes. A singer may use breathy phonation for a
breathy, intimate timbre. A singer may use a pressed phonation to achieve a
tense, strident sound to convey anger.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Similarly,
while brass players should also strive for physical efficiency and their most
resonant sound production, they should also explore methods for producing a
variety of tone colors. Changes in airflow, air pressure, and adduction force
can also yield changes in a brass player’s timbre. For example, a jazz trumpet
player may purposely allow some air to enter their sound to obtain a more
diffused timbre. Conversely, a brass player may press their lips together with
a high adduction force in order to create more upper harmonics in their timbre.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Changing to Stay The
Same</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Another
important thing brass players can learn from singers is the importance of
changing to stay the same. Since the amount of air remaining in the lungs is
constantly decreasing over the course of a musical phrase, the relationship
between airflow and the vocal cord tension is constantly changing. Agostini
writes,</span></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">“To produce a pitch of constant loudness and pitch the subglottic
pressure must increase, while the vocal cord tension must decrease in order to
keep the pitch constant.”</span></p></blockquote>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">For
brass players, a takeaway is that maintaining a note of the same volume and
pitch is not a static process, but rather one in which we must change in order
to stay the same.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Focus on the Music, Not
on the Muscles</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">One
conclusion that could be drawn from this information is that more focus should
be put on the musician's specific control of their musculature -- but nothing
could be further from the truth. Singers should not attempt to directly and mechanically
control the stiffness and tension of their vocal cords. In the same book that
codifies vocal phonation modes, Sundberg writes,</span></p>
<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">"We
do not need to bother about the extremely complicated maneuvers we perform. We
just perform them unconsciously, and what catches our attention is the end
result, the sound." (Sundberg, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The
Science of Singing Voice</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 18)</span></p></blockquote>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">In
a similar way, brass musicians need not worry about the specific musculature
involved </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">when</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> they are performing.
Rather, this information can be used as a diagnostic tool to address and
correct problems.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Good Playing is Easy</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">My
teacher Keith Johnson would often say, “Good playing is easy,” and I believe the
singer’s concept of flow phonation reinforces this notion. Since vocal flow
phonation is achieved through </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">less</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">
contraction of the laryngeal muscles and </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">less</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">
air pressure, it could also be described as the type of sound production that
requires the least physical effort. Said another way, the most resonant sound
quality may best be achieved through a method that is also the easiest from a
physiological and aerodynamic basis.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">For Future Researchers</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">While
these phonation modes have been well researched by vocal pedagogues, more work
is needed in the area of brass pedagogy. I believe there are many parallels
between singing and trumpet playing, and this is a golden opportunity for
future researchers. Ambitious and creative doctoral students who may be reading
this blog may find this an area not yet adequately explored by brass researchers, and
quite possibly a great topic for future dissertation and scholarly article
work.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The author would like to
extend a special thank you to Dr. Elizabeth Arnold, Associate Professor of
Voice in the University of Kentucky School of Music, for her contribution to and
feedback on this article. </span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><i style="font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a>Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://finearts.uky.edu/music/events/uk-summer-trumpet-institute" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Sources/For Future Research</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">If
you'd like to take a look at what vocal cords look like "in action,"
check out this YouTube video: </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6mLc9gOgVA"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6mLc9gOgVA</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Modes
of Phonation Website: </span><a href="https://www.vocalovertones.com/modes-of-phonation/"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.vocalovertones.com/modes-of-phonation/</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Types
of Phonation (With cool sound files for examples): <br /></span><a href="https://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/institut/arbeitsgruppen/ehemalig/ep-dogil/EGG/page10.htm"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/institut/arbeitsgruppen/ehemalig/ep-dogil/EGG/page10.htm</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p>D</o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">ovel,
Jason, <i>Exploring Trumpet Tone Color</i>, </span><a href="https://youtu.be/94E5HewSWQY"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">https://youtu.be/94E5HewSWQY</span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Agostini,
E and Ambrogio, G. Sant, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Respiratory
Muscles, Mechanics, and Neural Contro</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">l, 1970.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Proutskova,
Rhodes, Crawford, and Wiggins, "Breathy, Resonant, Pressed - Automatic
Detection of Phonation Mode from Audio Recordings of Singing,"</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Journal
of New Music Research</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (2013)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> S</o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">teenstrup,
Kristian, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teaching Brass </i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">(2nd revised
edition), Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus, 2007.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sundberg,
Johan, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Science of the Singing Voice</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">,
1987.</span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-72002890793444140422021-01-26T07:50:00.003-05:002024-02-08T06:25:46.114-05:00A Short History of the Earliest Trumpet Books<p><span class="textrun"><span style="background: white; font-family: Georgia, serif;">Jean-Baptiste</span></span><span class="normaltextrun"><span style="background: white; font-family: Georgia, serif;"> </span></span><span class="spellingerror"><span style="background: white; font-family: Georgia, serif;">Arban</span></span><span class="textrun"><span style="background: white; font-family: Georgia, serif;"> (1825–1889)</span></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">
published his <i>Grande méthode complète pour cornet à pistons et de saxhorn</i> in
Paris in 1864. This book remains one of the most important (and frequently
used) trumpet books in the world -- but there are many books that came before it, most of which are often overlooked. This week's blog will explore 14 trumpet
books that antedate Arban's method. When possible, external links are provided to the full text of the resource.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigBBBmDC7P2z-EPhO1cYoypcrLVTIjWUbv5MCV1zXRGuM8DHDIru9eh5lCVX3Bu5uxNGwQiP55LTgmYs5jbbwNS5o2JZTdYMV8gJgQRTJOdvzd7DL1C83H0Q36kerd9ln6Xkzw/s1000/Thomsen.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="691" data-original-width="1000" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigBBBmDC7P2z-EPhO1cYoypcrLVTIjWUbv5MCV1zXRGuM8DHDIru9eh5lCVX3Bu5uxNGwQiP55LTgmYs5jbbwNS5o2JZTdYMV8gJgQRTJOdvzd7DL1C83H0Q36kerd9ln6Xkzw/s320/Thomsen.png" width="320" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Excerpt from Magnus Thomsen's trumpet book from 1598</span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Magnus Thomsen: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Music book for trumpet</i>, 1598.<br />
Henrich Lübeck: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Music book for trumpet</i>,
1598.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The earliest
books of trumpet music are those by Henrich Lübeck and Magnus Thomsen. These
are both dated to 1598. Described by Michael Gale in his <i>Historic Brass
Society Journal </i>article (cited below) as "manuscript notebooks," these books
contain pedagogical exercises as well as notated trumpet ensemble music that
would have been normally improvised. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">It's peculiar that these books remain somewhat unknown, as they are both scanned and available as free downloads at the Royal Library of Copenhagen website (</span><a href="http://www5.kb.dk/en/nb/materialer/haandskrifter/HA/e-mss/mdr.html" style="font-family: Georgia, serif;" target="_blank">external link</a><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">). </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The existence of these two books has
been known for some time, and Peter Downey published editions of the works
of Lübeck and Thomsen in his 1983 doctoral dissertation (cited below).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Casare Bendinelli, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tutta L'arte Della Trombetta, </i>1614</span></b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Casare
Bendinelli (c. 1542–1617) was from Verona, Italy. He served as principal
trumpet of the Viennese court from 1567–1580 and then played for court in
Munich, Germany until his death. His book, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tutta
L'arte Della Trombetta</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </span>manifests the first example of clarino music for
trumpet. This book was compiled in 1614 and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>it is generally regarded as a collection of
music from his time working at the Bavarian Court in Munich. His book notes the
rules for trumpet ensemble improvisation and contains over 300 sonatas.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1pxBFIlUghkK3P88BH4n2ErLjSYLYha07zvnrvXGY0ADfjOWMk2zUNPxma0w3Ifjh_XJTDJMFtvGxjVYHL0ylvG4ZdQj01V8RzH3OfPxfeLWjtFo_6A9aldpUBMOiPQi9DOc7/s650/SchnitzerTrumpet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="367" data-original-width="650" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1pxBFIlUghkK3P88BH4n2ErLjSYLYha07zvnrvXGY0ADfjOWMk2zUNPxma0w3Ifjh_XJTDJMFtvGxjVYHL0ylvG4ZdQj01V8RzH3OfPxfeLWjtFo_6A9aldpUBMOiPQi9DOc7/w400-h226/SchnitzerTrumpet.jpg" width="400" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Replica of Bendinelli's trumpet by Anton Schnitzer (Photo Courtesy Jared Wallis)</span></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">A trumpet owned
by Bendinelli survives to this day; it was designed by Anton Schnitzer in
Nuremberg, and Bendenelli gave it to the Accademia Filarmonica of Verona in
1614, the same year he compiled his book.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj89f8T5a6NqorAMJMHWoJiowbrImsD_2d_ImF9AjUsb1bvuYjBk0vfNxfB3PRCabDANKNRuy5w4BcvDKHPPOKLnpRDqCTC8GNq9LWlVS0VPYEyOKcQUQuJ2fNCGWzBL5olmi_e/s750/JaredWallis-Schnitzer.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="501" data-original-width="750" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj89f8T5a6NqorAMJMHWoJiowbrImsD_2d_ImF9AjUsb1bvuYjBk0vfNxfB3PRCabDANKNRuy5w4BcvDKHPPOKLnpRDqCTC8GNq9LWlVS0VPYEyOKcQUQuJ2fNCGWzBL5olmi_e/w400-h268/JaredWallis-Schnitzer.jpg" width="400" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Jared Wallis demonstrates his Schnitzer replica (Photo Courtesy Jared Wallis)</span></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxVU391lkXx6gNtEpbNAM8uZ-z5dRXfSJNDQrTFHtZIHwkimY2RveK_zTTjUbueliAkjL2KBiYqf_bTlTMmLD4A3by3cPqgmDmq32fvAR4Qmns-w8QgarFjF3-QVmeotibAZ5t/s820/fantini+coverpage.jpg" style="font-weight: bold; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="820" data-original-width="519" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxVU391lkXx6gNtEpbNAM8uZ-z5dRXfSJNDQrTFHtZIHwkimY2RveK_zTTjUbueliAkjL2KBiYqf_bTlTMmLD4A3by3cPqgmDmq32fvAR4Qmns-w8QgarFjF3-QVmeotibAZ5t/s320/fantini+coverpage.jpg" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Title page to Fantini's trumpet method</span></div><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Girolamo Fantini, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Modo per Imparare a sonare di Tromba</i>, 1638.</span></b></p></span></b><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Girolamo Fantini (ca. 1600-1678) published<i> Modo per imparare a sonare di tromba...</i>, in 1638. The English
translation of the full title is "Method for learning to play the trumpet
in a warlike way as well as musically; With the organ, with a mute, with a
harpsichord, and every other instrument." According to Igino Conforzi (in
the HBSJ article cited below), five print copies and one
manuscript survive.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">This book is important for many reasons, including Fantini's use of unequal articulation syllables, such as <i>te ghe </i>and <i>ta da</i>, as well as his expansion of the instrument's range. The music in the book also includes some notes outside the harmonic series. Modern players who want to learn the valveless natural trumpet most certainly should explore this resource.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Henry Meredith's
1984 doctoral dissertation (<a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/girolamo-fantinis-trumpet-method-a-practical-edition/oclc/15062264" target="_blank">external link</a>) is a thorough study, translation, and
edition of Fantini's book. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJxEc75VbS0x6O-Y1yx5Vyc2JXgnuK1Nghg7znlL1l1hEZXu5-j3zc5dGE_1XVqRdDORlpspNMRYL6CQJf0jyguK-d5XqSf7nRIEjXGjJAXkh2-BIOIJEET_1S4FlPGlCBzb8_/s821/Hyde2.jpg" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="406" data-original-width="821" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJxEc75VbS0x6O-Y1yx5Vyc2JXgnuK1Nghg7znlL1l1hEZXu5-j3zc5dGE_1XVqRdDORlpspNMRYL6CQJf0jyguK-d5XqSf7nRIEjXGjJAXkh2-BIOIJEET_1S4FlPGlCBzb8_/s320/Hyde2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Excerpt from Hyde's <i>Preceptor</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b>J. Hyde <i>A New and Complete Preceptor for the Trumpet and Bugle Horn</i>, 1795.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The first English trumpet method was written by John Hyde in 1795. The contents of this book were recently recorded by the University of Kentucky Baroque Trumpet Ensemble (available here on Itunes: <a href="https://music.apple.com/us/album/john-hyde-new-complete-preceptor-for-trumpet-bugle/1529878300" target="_blank">external link</a>)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Hyde's book contains solos for trumpet and bugle, as well as trumpet ensemble music for two, three, and four natural trumpets. It also includes pedagogical instructions as well as repertoire for the English slide trumpet. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">University of Kentucky DMA student Clinton Linkmeyer completed a modern edition of this book as part of his doctoral dissertation, <a href="https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1237&context=music_etds" target="_blank">which is available here</a>. Currently, the manuscript is available for free online via the University of California (<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.aa0001358308&view=1up&seq=8" target="_blank">external link</a>).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Johann Ernst Altenburg. <i>Versuch einer Anleitung zur
heroisch-musikalischen Trompeter- und Paukerkunst (An Essay on the Introduction
to Heroic and Musical Trumpeters' and Kettledrummers' Art),</i> 1795.</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Johann Ernst
Altenburg (1734–1801) is perhaps the final representative of the golden age of natural trumpet playing. While it was published in 1795, it is generally agreed that it was written around 25 years earlier. It is a must-have for any serious trumpet student. The book offers details of the trumpet guilds and fellowships, and provides information on systems of training. (Teachers were to take on only one student at a time, the student lived with the teacher and took several lessons per day during a two-year apprenticeship.) It provides a detailed account of the instruments, roles, and techniques in the trumpet's history. The full text of the book can be found online at this <a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Special:ImagefromIndex/237192/hfin" target="_blank">external link</a>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc0uq4EdlMTVVvMDVn_-B_QZiMujy6X2Obrgluu1ctvguZgfjOmA_1CJArCSvXJKPNP8RjjsN3GtwrjHzgYol4Z0W5M_BxDdi4VfQ3Q0kHfEkV8Zrz-XapSoz3nFiHBKwK353k/s728/dauverne.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="728" data-original-width="642" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc0uq4EdlMTVVvMDVn_-B_QZiMujy6X2Obrgluu1ctvguZgfjOmA_1CJArCSvXJKPNP8RjjsN3GtwrjHzgYol4Z0W5M_BxDdi4VfQ3Q0kHfEkV8Zrz-XapSoz3nFiHBKwK353k/s320/dauverne.png" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Coverpage to <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;">Dauverné's</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;"> trumpet method</span></span></div><b><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br />François Dauverné (1799–1874)</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Methode pour la trompette (1857)</i></b><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">François Georges Auguste Dauverné (1799–1874) was the first trumpet professor at the Paris Conservatory. His famous pupil, Jean-Baptiste Arban (1825–1889) was the first cornet professor. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtNAIYBDg52tuPbZYMtq34fx4vFyZ6AeWSBiY8-36LBN5jsOGkjrHMtAFBooGInX-uPO_FnQM71Iazm4A5Oec3s22pqdiaxHY3wfri4If100gX95H4nrWla4fM-WjXEsZVu24Q/s653/dauverne-quartet.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="607" data-original-width="653" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtNAIYBDg52tuPbZYMtq34fx4vFyZ6AeWSBiY8-36LBN5jsOGkjrHMtAFBooGInX-uPO_FnQM71Iazm4A5Oec3s22pqdiaxHY3wfri4If100gX95H4nrWla4fM-WjXEsZVu24Q/s320/dauverne-quartet.png" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Natural trumpet quartet in <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;">Dauverné's method</span></span></div><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Dauverné's</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"> </span>book
includes pedagogical material for the valvless natural trumpet as well as music
for the early valved trumpet. <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The full text of </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Dauverné's method is available at this </span><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/M%C3%A9thode_pour_la_trompette_(Dauvern%C3%A9%2C_Fran%C3%A7ois_Georges_Auguste)" style="font-family: Georgia, serif;" target="_blank">external link</a>.</p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b><u><span style="font-size: medium;">19th Century
Books</span></u></b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6BHHp4F56bRF1nRYACHnNUY0E5EFnPgWrNy57TtVaKxwGIgAqw0ch8HlxochmyJS1_nAaCK7ao6KZxTYdf-RDIKfmAPL9TLGOGT84mDunc16yWQkDrhEHJyk3pke0UpKo3Y2u/s679/davidbuhl-excerpt.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="679" data-original-width="517" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6BHHp4F56bRF1nRYACHnNUY0E5EFnPgWrNy57TtVaKxwGIgAqw0ch8HlxochmyJS1_nAaCK7ao6KZxTYdf-RDIKfmAPL9TLGOGT84mDunc16yWQkDrhEHJyk3pke0UpKo3Y2u/s320/davidbuhl-excerpt.png" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Excerpt from Buhl's method</span></div><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /><b>Buhl, David, </b></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b><i>Théorie ou tablature de la trompette à pistons</i></b></span><p></p><div style="text-align: left;">I<span style="text-align: center;">n both its title and contents, Buhl's trumpet method clearly represents the transition from natural trumpets to valved trumpets, though Buhl himself did write for valveless trumpets as well. In fact, </span><span style="text-align: center;">David Buhl is perhaps best known as the composer of </span><i>Salut aux étendards</i>, a cavalry trumpet's call that was later adapted by John Williams to become the modern Olympic Fanfare theme -- recorded here by the University of Kentucky Baroque Trumpet Ensemble (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKtvBcwBZY0" target="_blank">external link</a>).</div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim7LmSMvc3FbPAKJ65fFfhR3iiTWGCWnKV6aD2S3rimc6YcXRdToy-unOzVazwtXkr9hu2fpIHew-FLo2Jm5XfvIaMHO9VA6ZyDy45Lw-3oVdIB98ZQOBEbiH16qguHRknKRut/s653/buhl-fingeringchart.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="380" data-original-width="653" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim7LmSMvc3FbPAKJ65fFfhR3iiTWGCWnKV6aD2S3rimc6YcXRdToy-unOzVazwtXkr9hu2fpIHew-FLo2Jm5XfvIaMHO9VA6ZyDy45Lw-3oVdIB98ZQOBEbiH16qguHRknKRut/s320/buhl-fingeringchart.png" width="320" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Fingering chart for three-valve trumpet in Buhl's method</span></div><br /><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Buhl's method includes a standard fingering chart for a three-valve piston trumpet that closely matches modern fingering charts in use today. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The full text of Buhl's method is available at at this </span><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_ou_tablature_de_la_trompette_%C3%A0_pistons_(Dauvern%C3%A9%2C_Fran%C3%A7ois_Georges_Auguste)" style="font-family: Georgia, serif;" target="_blank">external link</a><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b>Cacciamani,
Raniero, <i>Instruction method for the valve trumpet,</i> 1853.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Another 19th century book is Raniero Cacciamani's <i>Instruction method for the valve trumpet</i>. I am personally the least familiar with this book, and was unable to obtain a complete copy for this blog post, but according to Friedrich Anzenberger's 1993 <i>Historic Brass Society Journal</i> article (<a href="https://www.historicbrass.org/edocman/hbj-1993/HBSJ_1993_JL01_001_Anzenberger.pdf" target="_blank">external link</a>) the book is divided into three sections: a section for natural trumpet, a section confined to C major, and a section that utilizes the full chromaticism of the valved trumpet. Exercises from </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Cacciamani's book are included in Ed Tarr's <i>The Art of Baroque Trumpet Playing </i>(Volume One).</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikalJb32kIycEU9ia1_fyK7fxwpcaCAHdIkzdQ69a9PGxceEf15q5mMZlQEFEDIfr9uoWp7dZAzb9iZrd2PL382-yQyfHgCDqSzhlQbF3umUoDMQl4uQAW8CIUESUFKA332zBJ/s814/HaydnConcertAnnoucement.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="618" data-original-width="814" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikalJb32kIycEU9ia1_fyK7fxwpcaCAHdIkzdQ69a9PGxceEf15q5mMZlQEFEDIfr9uoWp7dZAzb9iZrd2PL382-yQyfHgCDqSzhlQbF3umUoDMQl4uQAW8CIUESUFKA332zBJ/s320/HaydnConcertAnnoucement.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: left;"></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"></span></p><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Concert
Announcement for the World Premiere of the Haydn Trumpet Concerto</span></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><b>Keyed Trumpet Method Books</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">It is generally
well known that Anton Weidinger performed on a Classical keyed trumpet and that both the Haydn and Hummel trumpet concertos were written for him and this instrument. However, it seems that in many circles it is believed that the
keyed trumpet's usage was limited to Mr. Weidinger and these two pieces. This
is not true. At least five method books were published that included
pedagogical material for the keyed trumpet. These include:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b>Araldi,
Giuseppe. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Metodo per Tromba.</i> (Method
for trumpet), 1835.<br />
Asioli, Bonifazio. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Transunto del Principj
Elemntari di Musica...E Breve Metodo per Tromba con Chiavi</i>. (A survey of the rudiments of music... and a short method for keyed trumpet), 1825.<br />
Nemetz, Andreas. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Allgemeine Trompeten-Schule</i>. (General trumpet method), 1828.<br />
Roy and Muller. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">R. Cocks and Co.'s Series
of Modern Tutors for Wind Instruments with New and Complete
Scales...Tutor for the Keyed and Valve Trumpet, with Airs and Duets</i>., ca.
1839<br />
Roy, Eugène. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mèthod de Trompette sans
Clefs and avec Clefs</i> (Method for the trumpet with and without keys), 1824.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b>Final Thoughts</b></span></p><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Whether you are interested in historically informed performance practice, or just have a general interest in the history of trumpet pedagogy, these are important and accessible resources. I hope you have found this short history of our instrument's earliest written resources helpful, and encourage you to follow the external links to explore these books in greater detail.</span></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="background-color: white; clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a>Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><b style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Sources/For Further Reading:</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Friedrich Anzenberger, </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Method Books for Natural Trumpet in the 19th Century: An Annotated Bibliography, 1993 <i>Historic Brass Society Journal</i> (<a href="https://www.historicbrass.org/edocman/hbj-1993/HBSJ_1993_JL01_001_Anzenberger.pdf" target="_blank">external link</a>) </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Igino Conforzi, "Monarch of the Trumpet": New Light On His Works (<i>Historic Brass Society Journal</i>: <a href="https://www.historicbrass.org/edocman/hbj-1994/HBSJ_1994_JL01_004_Conforzi.pdf" target="_blank">external link</a>) </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Peter Downey, <i>The Trumpet and its Role in the Music of the Renaissance and Early Baroque</i>, 3 vols. (Ph.D. diss. The Queen's University of Belfast, 1983)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Michael Gale,
"Remnants of Some Late Sixteenth-Century Trumpet Ensemble Music (<i>Historic
Brass Society Journa</i>l: <a href="https://www.historicbrass.org/edocman/hbj-2002/HBSJ_2002_JL01_006_Gale.pdf" target="_blank">external link</a>) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Henry Meredith, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Girolamo Fantini's Trumpet Method: A Practical Edition</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">, 1984. </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"> (</span><a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/girolamo-fantinis-trumpet-method-a-practical-edition/oclc/15062264" style="font-family: Georgia, serif;" target="_blank">external link</a><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Edward Tarr, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The Art of Baroque Trumpet Playing</i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">, Schott Publications, 1999.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">John Wallace, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">The Trumpet </i><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">(<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bZYJMOzlhiEC&pg=PT139&lpg=PT139&dq=bendinelli+1584+wedding+of+Ludwing,+Count+of+Leuchtenberg&source=bl&ots=hSixkNaOhL&sig=ACfU3U0v4cwboiE-atWnTv4QTBWEhOPTPQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj_sPOCpJboAhUZK80KHQ25C0AQ6AEwAHoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=bendinelli%201584%20wedding%20of%20Ludwing%2C%20Count%20of%20Leuchtenberg&f=false" target="_blank">external link</a>) </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-87243102805491209842020-09-10T07:31:00.003-04:002023-03-18T17:56:04.682-04:00Practice Room Alternatives<p><i>“Obstacles are those
frightful things you see when you take your eyes off your goal.” Henry Ford</i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Social distancing has meant the closure of numerous schools and
buildings, and many musicians now find themselves unable to access their usual practice space. In particular, students are having difficulty finding a
place to practice, as even schools that are reopening for in-person classes are imposing significant restrictions on practice room and classroom usage. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Below are my top ten practice room alternatives. I wrote
this with brass players in mind, but many of these are good options for other
musicians as well.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">10. Practice mute<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It seems the most common practice room alternative is the
practice mute. Many different types of practice mutes are available, and they
certainly will soften the sound of a brass instrument. However, this is
my least favorite option— for a brass player, playing in a practice mute
is very unlike playing the instrument itself. The resistance and intonation of
a practice mute are often problematic. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Once in a lesson with Barbara Butler, I blamed my poor
playing on having been on the road and mostly using a practice mute in the preceding weeks,
to which she responded, “Get rid of it, practice mutes are career killers.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">While practice mute practice may be a good option for use on
an occasional basis, most musicians will want to find a better long-term
solution.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">9. Practice igloo<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A great practice room alternative is the practice igloo, also known as the practice cave. Phil Smith and Joe Alessi made <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMEqN17U-JY&fbclid=IwAR3QIYFbvUoBM4bKYF5trfqBRFuvDS8HNjahA3dOhg77ra0SszoPOR45E5U" target="_blank">this humorous YouTube video</a> about
how they use a practice igloo to practice when they were on the road with the
New York Philharmonic. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Essentially, take a bunch of pillows and blankets, stack
them up on a bed like an igloo, and then play your instrument into this
igloo. It works surprisingly well and quiets the sound without creating the
unnatural resistance of a practice mute.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">8. Practice dresser<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The practice dresser is my variation of the practice igloo.
When I'm traveling and staying in hotels, if the room has a chest of drawers / dresser
for clothing, I like to fill it with clothing, blankets, pillows, etc., and
then extend the dresser drawer just slightly. I then place the rim of the bell
(only) into the dresser, rest it gently at the front of the drawer, and play
freely. (Many dressers have little cutouts, meant for your hand to pull, that
are the perfect size to rest a trumpet bell.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Coupled with the hotel room's rolling office chair, this makes for a
comfortable setup for a good routine where you can play freely without the
resistance of a mute, and without disturbing your neighbors.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">7. Practice bucket<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">There are several varieties of the practice bucket, but my
favorite is the one described in a recent social media post by <a href="https://www.matthewanklan.com/" target="_blank">Matt Anklan</a>, trumpet professor at Ohio’s Miami
University. This is an easy DIY project and
supplies needed included a Home Depot bucket, twin mattress pad, 99¢ clamp from
Home Depot, and one zip tie. Another version of a DIY practice bucket <a href="https://panther.kapsi.fi/posts/2016-12-11_acoustic_tub?fbclid=IwAR1moUiuPxjLFxuhzWL3b3D5FP0rU13LcgLTOKvTECEAE5lDC4il3YjYj_4" target="_blank">can be found here</a>.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpZWmtnT18nxYsG-eDyiFoqyMOwKoPNA8lu8N1b-oOViXHfDa9-5kqs5BgaU6yJdFWuBCNl3vmfcciCGnzGRBb_NKTA54d6T1EeEjgIYUTlqC2n7yWOYIR9NhdjSQN5bemP5_4/s960/anklanbucket.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpZWmtnT18nxYsG-eDyiFoqyMOwKoPNA8lu8N1b-oOViXHfDa9-5kqs5BgaU6yJdFWuBCNl3vmfcciCGnzGRBb_NKTA54d6T1EeEjgIYUTlqC2n7yWOYIR9NhdjSQN5bemP5_4/s640/anklanbucket.jpg" /></a><br />Matt Anklan demonstrates his DIY practice bucket</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">6. Open outdoor area<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Parks, university green spaces, empty parking lots can all
make for good practice areas. My institution, the University of Kentucky, recently set up several tents for outdoor student practice.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgemqtxmfmndW1COggz-MR0FnNvkzb97wcuS7EpygCYPhCSgGYZQrzgoI-tzTaJMs_l4giGfHV6eKvceDDlxaYwM4a-Qydx4xu-jt6Wmbks7ixmvP-3KZqiLspabuY-tkr4uxq8/s1200/bartonoutside20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="824" data-original-width="1200" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgemqtxmfmndW1COggz-MR0FnNvkzb97wcuS7EpygCYPhCSgGYZQrzgoI-tzTaJMs_l4giGfHV6eKvceDDlxaYwM4a-Qydx4xu-jt6Wmbks7ixmvP-3KZqiLspabuY-tkr4uxq8/w500-h344/bartonoutside20.jpg" width="500" /></a><br />UK trumpet student Madison Barton practicing in an outdoor practice tent</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">5. Parking Garage</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If you live in a metropolitan area there are probably many
parking garages all over your city.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s
not difficult to tuck into a corner with a music stand and practice.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4. Alternative spaces
in an apartment complex<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Perhaps your apartment complex has a basement, clubhouse,
rooftop, laundry area, or other space where you can freely practice without
disturbing your neighbors. If not, try to find a closet on an exterior wall
(not shared with a neighbor) and play into a thick array of clothing.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3. Whisper Room <o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I recently was sent literature on the <a href="https://whisperroom.com/?fbclid=IwAR3aqBqE5C9qZ8aAIZg5pD3h3flZgiK3-zVKjwuiJmbd-JqpZYlGwyrHg70" target="_blank">Whisper Room, a SoundIsolation Enclosure</a>. These come in various sizes and can be a way to have a regular
practice room in your apartment. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2. Empty church<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Churches have a lot of spaces that are great for musicians.
Sanctuaries, classrooms, offices, etc. A large reverberate sanctuary is one of
the best places to practice because you feel better about your playing (reverb)
and are practicing in a space closer to an actual performance situation.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">1. Live where you can
practice freely<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In my opinion, the best alternative to a practice room is to
seek a place to live where you can practice. Whether this is a house or an
apartment with thick walls (or understanding neighbors), it really is ideal if
you can practice in the same building that you eat and sleep. Not only does
this cut down on the hassle of the travel, scheduling, and availability
associated with external practice spaces, but you have the added benefit of
being able to take more breaks and practice whenever you want. Ultimately, my advice to musicians is to remember their need for a time and space to practice when they seek a new place
to live.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a><o:p> <br /></o:p><o:p><br /><br /> </o:p><i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-6828147338516442912020-04-08T08:50:00.002-04:002023-03-18T17:55:51.749-04:00School as Leisure<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their meanings. In studying the etymology of the English word "school," we find two origins: the Greek word </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">skohle</i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">, meaning "spare time, leisure, rest" and the Latin word </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">schola,</i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> meaning "leisure for learning."</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">In the
Middle Ages, most individuals had to work as soon as they were old enough. In
order for families to survive, most children needed to contribute to the family
income soon after adolescence. Only a minority of the population (usually sons
from rich families) had the opportunity to use their </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">leisure</i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> time to go to "school."</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">In the
21st century, school can seem anything but <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">leisure</i>,
especially for the university student. Demanding course loads, part-time jobs, employment
uncertainty, rising tuition costs, and exploding student loans all seem to put
stress upon a young person's decision to go to school. These days, school and
leisure may seem like opposites.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNbHDoeoMOue9TqsjjUdHB8Sw8mJg8gadhBZLpi0hmI4ZXE6wc_Nl6Uekz2mKZSTtbMvI2r_LckPPZgVTmPP6gMzW2J0Z7Tda3S-zbz592aNC8tznSFC5P43QWtMfHm867VNjJ/s1600/readinglibrary.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="962" data-original-width="1107" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNbHDoeoMOue9TqsjjUdHB8Sw8mJg8gadhBZLpi0hmI4ZXE6wc_Nl6Uekz2mKZSTtbMvI2r_LckPPZgVTmPP6gMzW2J0Z7Tda3S-zbz592aNC8tznSFC5P43QWtMfHm867VNjJ/s320/readinglibrary.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">In an unprecedented
way, COVID-19 and social distancing are imposing a new type of conflict between
school and leisure. As teachers and students alike now find ourselves isolated
at home for weeks and months, we perhaps have much more unscheduled leisure
time than we expect -- yet, we're also expected to keep up our scholastic
obligations. Students are moving out of their dorms and home for the summer; normally this would indicate months of leisure and rest, but at this juncture
these students are still expected to finish all of their academic commitments.
How do we reconcile school and leisure?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">A Posture of Leisure<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">To be
clear, I am not advocating lower standards or a lack of commitment to academics
and artistry. Quite the opposite; I'm advocating a posture of leisure to our
efforts -- a posture that brings us joy; a posture that inspires us to pursue
our studies with passion and excellence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">In Kelly
Rossum's book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trumpet Roshi</i>, he
writes:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Roshi was speaking to his
students during sosan,<br />
"The essence of play is joy. <br />
If you do not find joy in playing,</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">
<br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">you may be performing.<br />
This is for you to decide."</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Perhaps
our COVID-19 social distancing may force us to rethink how school and leisure
time might co-exist. To be sure, there will be many disappointments,
challenges, and frustrations as we move classes online. But maybe this is an opportunity
for us -- <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>not only to re-tweak our
syllabi to finish out the school year, but a bigger opportunity for students
and teachers alike to envision a new and better path forward.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Ways for Instructors to Make
School Feel More Like Leisure</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br />
<br />
Since many universities around the country have announced their COVID-19<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>response as online-only instruction,
professors are dramatically reshaping their courses. As we tweak our syllabi
and course requirements, let this be an opportunity for us to realize where we can
do it better. Those requirements we nix due to online limitations can perhaps
be nixed altogether. Replace assignments that simply require students to
regurgitate with ones that challenge them to create; inspire students to
mesmerize audiences of the future rather than memorize facts from the past. And
our concern for the student's health, and a desire to teach them in the context
of their overall wellness -- let's keep doing that long after COVID-19 becomes
a thing of the past.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Ways for Students to Make
School Feel More Like Leisure<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Stay on schedule.</span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">
</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">One of the
pieces of advice I see frequently shared on social media with regard to
surviving isolation at home is the importance of setting an alarm and
maintaining a regular daily schedule. There are many reasons for this,
including the promotion of positive mental health. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Many
students are reluctant to make a regular schedule because they are afraid it
will limit their free (leisure) time. But the opposite is true. By making a
regular schedule and sticking to it, you take ownership of your time, and will
end up with more control and more leisure time. (This is much like gaining
control of your finances by making a budget.) And what's more, you'll enjoy
your leisure time more, when you don't have the guilt hanging over your head of
"I should be ______ right now instead...." <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Know that your applied teacher
can help make playing your instrument physically easier for you. </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">One of the reasons being a music
major may not feel leisurely is the physical challenge of learning a musical
instrument. While it can be fun, playing an instrument (or singing) can at
times feel like work. Your applied teacher has the training to make this easier
for you. Sometimes, the changes your teacher suggests may initially feel
uncomfortable; in fact, sometimes new approaches may seem much harder at first.
Trust your teachers. Know that they want to make it easier for you. When playing
your instrument is easier, it will feel less like work, and more like <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">leisure.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Remember your star is just
beginning its ascent.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">
Recently, when John Wittmann of the Yamaha Corporation visited the University
of Kentucky, he told our students, “Don’t compare your chapter 2 to someone
else’s chapter 15.” It’s easy to get discouraged when we compare ourselves to
those whose star has perhaps ascended higher than ours. Remember that you did
not come to school to show how much you know. You came to school to learn.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Relax, know that time is on your side, and
eventually you will get to your chapter 15 – and beyond.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Find ways to turn boring or
frustrating experiences into positive, productive opportunities</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">. For example, if you feel you’re
in an ensemble where you’re not playing very much or not being challenged, find
ways to be engaged. It’s often easy to complain about ensemble experiences.
Rather than join in the complaining, find ways to be positive and productive.
For me, I like to try to transcribe in my head what other instruments are
playing. Or maybe I’ll work on my posture (Alexander Technique). Or maybe I’ll
try to learn from the conductor’s rehearsal or stick technique. Rather than be
bored, consider this <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">leisure</i>
learning; Enjoy your ability to explore and learn in these new ways, on your
own terms, and at your own pace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Have an attitude of gratitude.</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"> Lastly, be grateful. Be
positive. Show appreciation to your teachers. Show respect to your colleagues. Relish
the opportunity to take this time in your life – this <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">leisure</i> time – and learn. Be grateful for the opportunity to pursue
your passion, and know that the challenges and bumps along the way will make
you stronger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Final Thoughts<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Many of
us in the arts chose to go to school to turn our avocation into our vocation.
Unfortunately, in some cases, school turns that leisurely avocation into an onerous
obligation. Yes, absolutely, students need to be held to high standards, and
universities should offer a robust and diverse curriculum; nevertheless, there
may be some areas where we have been doing it wrong. As we navigate this new
world of social distancing and online courses, let us not merely seek to fill
our leisure time with the programs of school, but also to fill our schooling
with a posture of leisure.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #002a77; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration-line: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" width="200" /></a></div>
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /><br />Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-35565729394174121472020-03-17T09:34:00.002-04:002023-03-18T17:54:09.177-04:00Unusual and Amusing Trumpet History<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The trumpet has a long and interesting history that dates from ancient times. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">With all of the problems in the world associated with COVID-19, I thought it was appropriate to write a post that </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">offers some lighter fare. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Be well, wash your hands -- and enjoy these peculiar and even humorous stories from our instrument's history. </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Death by Trumpeting</span></b><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Krakow, Poland</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Perhaps one of
the earliest pieces of preserved music in the world is the Krakow Trumpet
Signal, also known as </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">St. Mary's Dawn</i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
or </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Hejnał mariacki</i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. According to
tradition, this signal dates back to the Middle Ages, during a time when tower trumpeters
served an important role as city watchmen.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The Krakow Trumpet Signal was the warning played by the city's tower trumpeter to alarm the city's residents whenever there was danger, such as a
fire or an invasion by enemy forces. The story goes that in 1241, during the
Mongol invasion of Poland, a trumpeter sounded the alarm to warn the city
residents of incoming invaders. As he played the signal, a Tartan archer shot
the trumpeter through the throat, causing the fanfare to come to an abrupt
ending. A formal ceremony commemorates this event every day in Krakow and is even broadcast on Polish radio. (External Link: </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ra7ysqRe4KI" style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Krakow Signal With Narration</a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">)</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">No Communion</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">In
the Middle Ages, most trumpet players, especially those who did not have formal
employment with a court or municipality, lived on the fringes of society and had
virtually no rights at all. The Roman Catholic church even denied these trumpet
players Holy Communion!</span><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Thousands, Then None</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The trumpet had many important roles in both the Old and New Testaments. According to the Jewish historian Josephus, King Solomon had 20,000 trumpets made for use in the Jerusalem temple. In spite of this, the trumpet was not used as a musical instrument for most of the history of the Christian
church. The first documented evidence of trumpet playing in church services is not
until the 15th century with the invention of the slide
trumpet.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Bendinelli's</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span>Humorous Performance Instructions</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">One of the earliest examples of a composer providing written performance instructions to trumpet players is the note Cesare Bendinelli </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">wrote for the trumpet ensemble that was playing at the 1584 wedding of Ludwig, Count of Leuchtenberg. Bendinelli writes:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"><i>"The player of the clarino part is required to hold a large glass of wine in his hand, and every time he stops playing, he has to drink a little, until the sonata is over; then the other trumpeters also drink, to imitate the text of the song."</i></span><br />
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<b style="font-family: georgia, serif;">Just Make Something Up</b><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">While Monteverdi's opera <i>L'Orfeo</i> (1607) is usually regarded as the first notated music for trumpet in a concert (or dramatic) setting, both municipal and court records show that trumpet players were hired as professional musicians long before composers explicitly wrote for them. It's likely these early trumpet players simply improvised their own part! (In his book, <i>Music and History of the Baroque Trumpet Before 1721</i>, Don Smithers suggests that composers began to write out specific parts for trumpet players because they were not satisfied with their improvisations.)</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">As Sweet as an Oboe?</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">There
is much documentation of high praise for the Baroque English trumpet player John
Shore. Somewhat humorously, one of the reviews shows that Shore sounded almost
as good as an oboe. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 18th century
historian Sir John Hawkins wrote, "by [Shore's] great ingenuity and application
had extended the power of that noble instrument... beyond the reach of
imagination, for he produced from it a tone as sweet as that of a hautboy
(oboe)."</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Another Death By Trumpeting?</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The first
performance of J.S. Bach's challenging <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Preise
dein Glücke, gesegnetes Sachsen</i> BWV 215 was October 5, 1734. Its extremely demanding
first trumpet part calls for high e''' on D trumpet. The principal trumpet for
this performance, Gottfried Reiche, collapsed on his walk home and died the
next day.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Mozart's Aversion to the Trumpet</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">According to
Mozart family friend Johann Schnachtner, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart hated the trumpet.
Schnachtner writes, </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">"Merely to hold
a trumpet in front of [Mozart] was like aiming a pistol at his heart...Papa
wanted me to cure him of this childish fear and once told me to blow [the
trumpet] at him despite his reluctance, but my God? I should have not been persuaded
to do it; Wolfgang scarcely heard the blaring sound when he grew pale and began
to collapse, and if I had continued he would surely have suffered a convulsion."
(Source: Otto Deutsch, </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Mozart, a
Documentary Biography. </i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">For more on this subject, see Elisa Koehler's October
2012 </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">ITG Journal</i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Article, "Did
Mozart Hate The Trumpet?")</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Clarke's Infamous Letter</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">In 1921, the
virtuoso cornet player Herbert L. Clarke wrote a letter to Elden Benge to
discourage him from switching from cornet to trumpet. He stated that the
trumpet is "only a foreign fad for the time present." He also claimed
"One cannot play a decent song even, properly, on it." In the letter
Clarke also becried jazz as "the nearest Hell, or the Devil, in
music."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /><br />Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-17664474220029828252020-03-02T07:35:00.005-05:002023-03-18T17:53:56.258-04:00A History of Trumpet at the University of Kentucky <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The University </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">of</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Kentucky (UK) School of Music was founded in 1919 and recently celebrated its 100</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> anniversary. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">In the 100 years of the School of Music, many fine trumpeters have taught at UK. This week’s blog will trace this lineage of teachers and offer a brief snapshot of their background and contributions.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNusyyDPZFfzBkz7AmgCtcDhqpgqFgIsrnnC6mqe66bbea5fqRRV7lpPNIot0lGD9SenfFmkFCD42TtQtQ6PJp33Vf389Q5iJCsf_8yNJ-HiV8KqsTozn4V4SVGtRidCtd9CN5/s1600/bernie.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="155" data-original-width="139" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNusyyDPZFfzBkz7AmgCtcDhqpgqFgIsrnnC6mqe66bbea5fqRRV7lpPNIot0lGD9SenfFmkFCD42TtQtQ6PJp33Vf389Q5iJCsf_8yNJ-HiV8KqsTozn4V4SVGtRidCtd9CN5/s1600/bernie.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bernie Fitzgerald</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bernard Fitzgerald</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1912-2005) </span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{93}" paraid="149813282" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><i>Professor at UK in the 1950</i></span><i style="background-color: transparent; font-family: georgia, georgia_embeddedfont, georgia_msfontservice, serif; font-size: 11pt;">s</i><br />
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">"Bernie" Fitzgerald taught at the University of Kentucky in the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">mid 20</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> century. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He also held positions at </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">the University of</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Idaho, the University of Texas at Austin, the Jordan College of Music, and the Emporia</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> State Teachers College. Today, he is remembered mostly as a composer and arranger, and contributed more than 100 compositions and arrangements to the trumpet repertoire.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn0xP9qfbJ3HavNCBoFXCbIyZnaxSZ68gvvOSx4PSTc0JRvvADfdOuU3Bq275G2PNnwaXIgkSwy_zF8ShCA2b-I709MKsq0gGu0I4CYMh8vcV8PMmOZ45eleMMP0ShwoaX59td/s1600/Bernie1982ITG.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="536" data-original-width="960" height="355" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhn0xP9qfbJ3HavNCBoFXCbIyZnaxSZ68gvvOSx4PSTc0JRvvADfdOuU3Bq275G2PNnwaXIgkSwy_zF8ShCA2b-I709MKsq0gGu0I4CYMh8vcV8PMmOZ45eleMMP0ShwoaX59td/s640/Bernie1982ITG.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bernie Fitzgerald guest conducting the UK Trumpet Ensemble, performing his <i>Trumpet Guild Fanfare </i> at the 1982 ITG Conference (L to R: Fred Ashby, Brad Goode, David Poer, Steve Wade, Doug Martin, Dave Welch, LaShelle Montfort, Kelly Harding, Andy Mill, Bernie Walker, Forrest Johnson, and Fitzgerald) Photo Credit: Vince DiMartino</td></tr>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{125}" paraid="302921020" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">According to Harry Clarke, Emeritus Professor at the University of Kentucky, Fitzgerald was originally hired as the band conductor</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, taught in the music education area,</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and also for a time was interim department chair. Clarke described Fitzgerald as a “great friend and golf partner.”</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBC4nBvnOQopdbZCLnJVGQ5-fIC1D3qPeATbxBXh9Uny_-ns1MltimngserOdD-lL0mAvHQJ6fkOJ6T54tiFMpPg0jT2QN6H-G9ftDKQZ5nOrF5ND_Tzj9s0MUjXWJYTh4eGt6/s1600/BernieVince.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="904" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBC4nBvnOQopdbZCLnJVGQ5-fIC1D3qPeATbxBXh9Uny_-ns1MltimngserOdD-lL0mAvHQJ6fkOJ6T54tiFMpPg0jT2QN6H-G9ftDKQZ5nOrF5ND_Tzj9s0MUjXWJYTh4eGt6/s400/BernieVince.jpg" width="282" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">UK professor emeritus Bernie Fitzgerald (left) chats with Vince DiMartino (right) following DiMartino's concert of Fitzgerald's music at Fitzgerald's retirement center (Photo Credit: Vince DiMartino)</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh8RyH3aB7xPY9adhSBnKXnpKOejL0FU5HrIVdjMVGiwHqHdKQODUlLf424MDeZVUssMn2SiXAtc-gA3pmwi5kVBdtEyj9ZzsGOHkfl_0pJZP3DR_vN84fMoMklJGQNaVmRUti/s1600/JackHyatt.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="424" data-original-width="280" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh8RyH3aB7xPY9adhSBnKXnpKOejL0FU5HrIVdjMVGiwHqHdKQODUlLf424MDeZVUssMn2SiXAtc-gA3pmwi5kVBdtEyj9ZzsGOHkfl_0pJZP3DR_vN84fMoMklJGQNaVmRUti/s320/JackHyatt.jpg" width="211" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jack Hyatt</td></tr>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{139}" paraid="1037033164" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Jack Hyatt</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i>Professor at UK in the 1960s</i></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{145}" paraid="228486975" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Hyatt was the trumpet professor at UK in the 1960s.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">In 1968 he released the album </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Trumpet Solos</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> with pianist Ruby Hyatt.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> He later moved to New York City and became a professor at Lehman College, a division of the City College of New York.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpnDIrFn6WyJy1XjHAZb6WN-FaioHuMSsjZvYFaAYsJZQi5G8u4EdXUre-658GEDlD9L-Wt15mZ5t1cUFmBYNdagzZbP-WIYra_9Gv3ieMq8ycw2PvfWnoGdg5bwdjhxD7GvjB/s1600/JackHyattCD.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="498" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpnDIrFn6WyJy1XjHAZb6WN-FaioHuMSsjZvYFaAYsJZQi5G8u4EdXUre-658GEDlD9L-Wt15mZ5t1cUFmBYNdagzZbP-WIYra_9Gv3ieMq8ycw2PvfWnoGdg5bwdjhxD7GvjB/s320/JackHyattCD.jpg" width="318" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hyatt album <i>Trumpet Solos</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3xSQcU5nxpu3DavEp2J699giK5fSjMwiKVjX9MyEU_Lopc5MsSWrsWYuojdZRS_JkKC4r4D-jQN7U_1zrO764UxnUWnwrgP_gklWy9-RIOn66YULET5vn_mIgOt2aNXqIryBK/s1600/Blanton.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="154" data-original-width="130" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3xSQcU5nxpu3DavEp2J699giK5fSjMwiKVjX9MyEU_Lopc5MsSWrsWYuojdZRS_JkKC4r4D-jQN7U_1zrO764UxnUWnwrgP_gklWy9-RIOn66YULET5vn_mIgOt2aNXqIryBK/s200/Blanton.jpg" width="168" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Walter Blanton</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Walter Blanton </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(1944–2017)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /><i>Professor at UK 1969</i></span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"><i>–1972</i></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{171}" paraid="1552864567" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Walter Blanton was from Kent, Washington. He earned degrees from Western Washington State College and Indiana University. He moved to Las Vegas and enjoyed a vibrant performance career there. He played in the major casinos for numerous top entertainers throughout his 52-year career including Tony Bennett, Frank Sinatra Sr. and Jr., Henry Mancini, Johnny Mathis and James Brown. He toured with the Woody Herman Band, the Broadway musical "Hair," the Las Vegas/New</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> World Brass Quintet and played p</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">rincipal </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">t</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">rumpet for the Las Vegas Philharmonic and Nevada Symphony Orchestras. Walt taught at Indiana University, the University of Kentucky, UNLV, Nevada School of the Arts and the College of Southern Nevada</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">,</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> retiring in 2012 after 44 years of teaching.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{197}" paraid="196753873" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Blanton came to UK from his career in Las Vegas in 1969, and after a stint as UK’s trumpet professor, returned to Las Vegas to resume his previous career there.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjssd1pjBnDEWaz15rYtq1pP3jFYkKuWsPo0iF1EKawjGaYa8QrxSBIXoFmjd2-BEbBqV1EFlAVA9qvTYGgkh4pivj0GJlhTasthmhxjRM3BUbirsX7Z2g5jeLu3jc0F75yvSXQ/s1600/Vince2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1302" data-original-width="1369" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjssd1pjBnDEWaz15rYtq1pP3jFYkKuWsPo0iF1EKawjGaYa8QrxSBIXoFmjd2-BEbBqV1EFlAVA9qvTYGgkh4pivj0GJlhTasthmhxjRM3BUbirsX7Z2g5jeLu3jc0F75yvSXQ/s320/Vince2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Vincent DiMartino</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vincent </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{217}" paraid="1910859950" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><i>Professor at UK 1972<span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–1993</span></i><br />As evidence of his prodigious talent, Vince </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> was hired as </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">UK’s </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">trumpet professor in 1972 at the age of 23 with only a bachelor’s degree. He has established himself as one of the world’s greatest trumpet players</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{3b221f49-c2c0-4cb6-80b5-e67b37746e49}{237}" paraid="433173573" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Without a doubt, the legacy of the UK trumpet program owes a huge debt to this wonderful man.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He truly catapulted the UK trumpet studio to international acclaim, with legions of successful alumni </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">now teaching and performing all over the world</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> also</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> served two terms as President of the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">International Trumpet Guild </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(ITG)</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">and hosted the ITG Conference </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">at the University of Kentucky in 1982.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcdogm1QhFR0va7h2gi1uj0SDEGbeOTAG-0sHHNS75XdIspBQTbpT1JsP7oPlvPN3OmAgTTylen3gsXY0Vlln8pxgxuT1_u677dtyCmTnm4XueJNcQOKrVcTzIs7iDrlNMMVK9/s1600/VinceQuintet2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="728" height="371" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcdogm1QhFR0va7h2gi1uj0SDEGbeOTAG-0sHHNS75XdIspBQTbpT1JsP7oPlvPN3OmAgTTylen3gsXY0Vlln8pxgxuT1_u677dtyCmTnm4XueJNcQOKrVcTzIs7iDrlNMMVK9/s400/VinceQuintet2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Vince DiMartino (Left) in the UK Faculty Brass Quintet (1979)</span></td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vince </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> has been the lead and solo trumpet in the Lionel Hampton Band, the Chuck </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mangione</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Band, the Clark Terry Band and The Eastman Arranger’s Holiday Orchestra. He has also performed with some of this country’s finest college jazz ensembles. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{7bbc54cf-ce40-4158-90e2-2018414ebdcb}{70}" paraid="1448301014" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mr. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> has been soloist with many symphony orchestra including Cincinnati, Buffalo, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Sante</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Fe, North Carolina, Orlando, Baton Rouge and Rochester, New York. He also appeared as guest soloist with the Boston Pops on their Summer Tour in 1999 and for a national television broadcast of the same. He has also been a soloist with the Army Blues Jazz Band, The Army Brass Band, The U.S. Air Force Band of Flight, and The United States Marine Band. Mr. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> is the first civilian to perform with this ensemble. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKjkOL6VLV8v_o9aPSykjc0K0OvkX8uB67RJ0GZhkE5a7GCDC5Oyr0To2JmbTIzZ7UTva5vUDNyxI4_t_ne36DaR_0s0nrxfjFFq-ukOEYA1fHuSPHQ9393SwEYvg5bpYFaMPo/s1600/VinceClarkTerry.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1140" data-original-width="818" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKjkOL6VLV8v_o9aPSykjc0K0OvkX8uB67RJ0GZhkE5a7GCDC5Oyr0To2JmbTIzZ7UTva5vUDNyxI4_t_ne36DaR_0s0nrxfjFFq-ukOEYA1fHuSPHQ9393SwEYvg5bpYFaMPo/s400/VinceClarkTerry.jpg" width="285" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Vince DiMartino with guest artist Clark Terry in 1973 at the University of Kentucky. Terry was DiMartino's first guest artist during his tenure at UK. (Photo Credit: Vince DiMartino)</td></tr>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{7bbc54cf-ce40-4158-90e2-2018414ebdcb}{92}" paraid="1626874366" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mr. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> is also prominently featured on some of the Cincinnati Pops Orchestra’s recordings including <i>Mancini’s Greatest Hits, Bond and Beyond, Big Hit Parade</i>, and <i>Hollywood’s Greatest Hits</i>. He recorded Mel </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Torme’s</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> <i>Christmas Album</i> as lead trumpet. Mr. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> also has completed a recording project on Summit Records with jazz artists Allen </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Vizzutti</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and Bobby Shew and The Summit Brass called <i>Trumpet Summit</i>.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{7bbc54cf-ce40-4158-90e2-2018414ebdcb}{118}" paraid="1813843191" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> was the</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> 2004 CASE Professor of The Year for the state of Kentucky. This award is given nationally each year to one person in each state in The United States. He is the recipient of The Governor’s Lifetime Achievement Award for 2008</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2009 for the state of Kentucky.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">P</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">rofessor </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> taught at the University of Kentucky </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">from 1972–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1993. At that time, he became an artist-in-residence</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> at Centre College in Danville, Kentucky. There he taught </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">trumpet, jazz history, and coached brass and jazz ensembles as a distinguished </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Matton</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Professor of Music. He retired from Centre in 2012.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> He returned to the University of Kentucky as interim professor of trumpet for the 2012–2013 school year.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span><br />
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Now retired from full-time teaching</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vince </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> continues to perform internationally. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">UK’s </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Miles </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Osland</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> continue to co-direct The </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino-Osland</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Jazz Orchestra (DOJO) and have recorded two CDs on </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Seabreeze</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> records, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Quotient</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Off the Charts</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He also performs as a founding member of the nationally touring </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Quintasonic</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Brass.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> is a </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Pickett Brass/Blackburn </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">artist.</span><br />
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNf1fJ6Nv52c48q0sCS0woEfDFTV_pCHscUFsZGdSrVRZjz2zbEs7dk2meecQGfws8z6IKfqhL-Xlu7GBESLVHBEajKIVxbFQJIfGSB_Rl0Fdx_HilbuyKh5-lE4f4myTTvFtR/s1600/BobThompsonTrumpet.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="481" data-original-width="720" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNf1fJ6Nv52c48q0sCS0woEfDFTV_pCHscUFsZGdSrVRZjz2zbEs7dk2meecQGfws8z6IKfqhL-Xlu7GBESLVHBEajKIVxbFQJIfGSB_Rl0Fdx_HilbuyKh5-lE4f4myTTvFtR/s320/BobThompsonTrumpet.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bob Thompson</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bob Thompson</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{7bbc54cf-ce40-4158-90e2-2018414ebdcb}{202}" paraid="1401916746" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Professor at UK 1993<span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–1994</span></i></span><br />
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bob Thompson taught at the University of Kentucky during the 1993–1994 academic year.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He holds degrees from the Eastman School of Music and University of South Florida. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> He was a member of the critically acclaimed Rhythm and Brass.</span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{7bbc54cf-ce40-4158-90e2-2018414ebdcb}{216}" paraid="1411821037" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">After his one-year position </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">at UK, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">he moved to Europe to pursue a performance career. He later became involved in the music publishing business and in 1993 he was appointed Vice President of G. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Schirmer</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Inc</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">./</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">AMP, based in G. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Schirmer’s</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> New York headquarters.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> At the time of this writing, Thompson is now President of Schirmer.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPpiC90wXGW7GDKYmIxHRW29Akc0MCDKXo828IFdZwE9nQApHhfSMI28pkubxPvDKW9r6fGq50U64D0M_MgXk_gLHM2LYuWMt1Q1SwH-wt1n57kHHXRvaX6icywEEAJmO5tBXe/s1600/Everson.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="706" data-original-width="706" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPpiC90wXGW7GDKYmIxHRW29Akc0MCDKXo828IFdZwE9nQApHhfSMI28pkubxPvDKW9r6fGq50U64D0M_MgXk_gLHM2LYuWMt1Q1SwH-wt1n57kHHXRvaX6icywEEAJmO5tBXe/s320/Everson.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Terry Everson</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Terry Everson</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Professor at UK 1994<span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–1998</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Terry Everson taught trumpet at UK from 1994–1998. He hosted the International Trumpet Guild Conference at UK in 1998. During this time he also served as the School of Music's Director of Undergraduate Studies.</span></span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">UK Trumpet Ensemble with Terry Everson at the 1998 ITG Conference</td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Hailed by the </span><i style="background-color: transparent; font-family: georgia, georgia_embeddedfont, georgia_msfontservice, serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Boston Globe</i><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"> for his “dazzling, clarion brightness with elegant edges,” and in the </span><i style="background-color: transparent; font-family: georgia, georgia_embeddedfont, georgia_msfontservice, serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Boston Musical Intelligencer</i><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"> for “virtuosity and musicality that was simply stunning,” trumpeter Terry Everson is an internationally renowned soloist, educator, composer/arranger, conductor, and church musician. He first gained international attention in 1988, winning (on consecutive days) both the Baroque/Classical and 20th Century categories of the inaugural Ellsworth Smith International Trumpet Competition, with further success as First Prize laureate of the 1990 Louise D. McMahon International Music Competition. Mr. Everson has premiered major works by composers Richard Cornell, John Davison, Stanley Friedman, Jan Krzywicki, Elena Roussanova-Lucas, and Gary Ziek. His collaboration with pianist Susan Nowicki has produced two complete recordings of numerous notable modern works, as well as single entries on two discs devoted to the works of Davison and Krzywicki; he has also recorded as soloist with the New England Brass Band, the Lexington Brass Band and the Eastern Wind Symphony. </span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">UK Faculty Brass in 1998: (L-to-R: Everson, Skip Gray, David Elliott, Dale Warren & Tim Altman)</td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Mr. Everson has been an active church musician for more than two decades; he was Minister of Music at True Light Community Ministries in inner-city Philadelphia, and held the same position at Family Worship Center in Lexington. From 2003 to 2005 he was Worship Pastor at Metro Church in Marlborough, MA; he and his wife, Lori, are currently elders and members of the Worship Team.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">As composer, Mr. Everson has filled commissions from Wizards! double reed ensemble, the Texas Tech Trombone Choir, the Lutheran Music Program (brass quintet), and Messiah College and the Philadelphia College of Bible (trumpet ensembles). His setting of W. L. Thompson’s <i>There’s a Great Day Coming</i> has been recorded by Philip Smith (former Principal Trumpet, New York Philharmonic) on the Cala label’s New York Legends series. More recently, the BU Trumpet Ensemble’s performance of his arrangement of the Finale of Felix Mendelssohn’s <i>Fourth Symphony at the 2007 ITG Conference received an enthusiastic standing ovation.</i></span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Terry Everson coaches UK trumpet student Zach Robinson during Everson's return to Lexington as a guest artist in 2016</td></tr>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">Mr. Everson is currently the trumpet professor at Boston University and a member of the Board of Directors for the National Trumpet Competition. </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Rolf </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="ContextualSpellingAndGrammarError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Holly</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="ContextualSpellingAndGrammarError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="ContextualSpellingAndGrammarError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> (</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">b. 1965)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Professor at UK 1998<span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–2001</span></i></span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Rolf Holly </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">studied trumpet at the Julliard School and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">was a founding member of the Meridian Arts Ensemble. He came to UK in 1998 as a one-year professor and subsequently won the national search for </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">the full time position in 1999 and taught at UK until 2001.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Scott Heersche</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Scott </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Heersche</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(b. 1971)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Interim Professor at UK 2001</i></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">–</span><i style="background-color: transparent; font-family: georgia, georgia_embeddedfont, georgia_msfontservice, serif; font-size: 14.6667px;">2002</i></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">After Rolf Holly’s departure, a doctoral student, Scott </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Heersche</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, took over the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">reins</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> of the UK trumpet studio for the 2001–2002 academic year</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> as interim instructor of trumpet</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">A Lexington native, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Heersche</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> previous earned a bachelor’s degree from UK and a master’s degree from Indiana University.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{9d8e3ce5-fc0d-402b-84f4-3185f8402dbc}{115}" paraid="674727337" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">At present, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">H</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ersche</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> is Pastor of Worship for Lexington’s Centenary Methodist Church as well as the trumpet instructor for </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Transylvania</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> University. He is a highly visible and active leader of central Kentucky’s musical community.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0vGDijGHXReC0yOpT01QwxFH96vkzxg8_5sGkopQhRoalU82LIuv9mmNzP8FaEZ7SkPMCYrAJoLo8M56o4xSVKJyhA6H4mQAvLVyZHfJpXgSJs8e6yYzPqbvLnvxvznUn8TAY/s1600/Clodfelter.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="280" data-original-width="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0vGDijGHXReC0yOpT01QwxFH96vkzxg8_5sGkopQhRoalU82LIuv9mmNzP8FaEZ7SkPMCYrAJoLo8M56o4xSVKJyhA6H4mQAvLVyZHfJpXgSJs8e6yYzPqbvLnvxvznUn8TAY/s1600/Clodfelter.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mark Clodfelter</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mark </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Clodfelter</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(b. 1966)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Professor at UK 2002<span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–2012</span></i></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{9d8e3ce5-fc0d-402b-84f4-3185f8402dbc}{149}" paraid="1084542132" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mark </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Clodfelter</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> taught trumpet at the University of Kentucky from 2002–2012. He established new events such as UK </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">TrumpetFest</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and led the UK trumpet ensemble in highly successful performances at the National Trumpet Competition and International Trumpet Guild Conferences. During his time at UK, he was Co-Conductor of the Bluegrass Area Jazz Ambassadors and the Central Kentucky Youth Jazz Orchestra. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> He organized UK trumpet trips to Greece and Italy and also participated in the UK Faculty Brass Quintet's 2006 tour of Russia. His many successful UK trumpet students continue to win important professional placements as performers and educators throughout the country.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGOMAwn29lUq_Zg7iYBJY3Rw1WcKUO_eZ4X-RQxNNsIY-TV3YzBGeno6578pygml4mmj8Sdi8_2j0sTse0xU7mBFeWJKmhZxwtazDs1jTQ3xhRsKTFvxcHdeLPXfpHva8CJavW/s1600/ClodfelterRussia.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="448" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGOMAwn29lUq_Zg7iYBJY3Rw1WcKUO_eZ4X-RQxNNsIY-TV3YzBGeno6578pygml4mmj8Sdi8_2j0sTse0xU7mBFeWJKmhZxwtazDs1jTQ3xhRsKTFvxcHdeLPXfpHva8CJavW/s320/ClodfelterRussia.jpg" width="237" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mark Clodfelter with the UK Faculty Brass in Russia (2006)</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="background-color: inherit; background-position: 0% 100%; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 14.6667px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Clodfelter can be heard as Principal Trumpet of the Asheville Symphony Orchestra, the Trade Winds (Tamp Fl.) and with the Palladium Brass. At home in a great array of styles, his commercial affiliations have included split lead with the DiMartino/Osland Jazz Orchestra and the Kentucky Jazz Repertory Orchestra. He is member of Covalence, a chamber duo, with Rebecca Wilt, his wife and renowned collaborative pianist. Additionally, he spends summers as a member of the faculty of the InterHarmony International Music Festival in Arcidosso, Italy.</span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBN5qSIgfJDJyGWjDpS1ZFaP8Ux119WLAf7SxcQ9LwbPKAnqrW7etX23TpMSsEWyyn-4gP9Bq_mzKiUBb6YK6exZQ_qGWutzVh1RWKymL-y81LZLSlbhiX_-ia8FupAHnzYzBl/s1600/ClodfelterGreece.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="380" data-original-width="500" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBN5qSIgfJDJyGWjDpS1ZFaP8Ux119WLAf7SxcQ9LwbPKAnqrW7etX23TpMSsEWyyn-4gP9Bq_mzKiUBb6YK6exZQ_qGWutzVh1RWKymL-y81LZLSlbhiX_-ia8FupAHnzYzBl/s320/ClodfelterGreece.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Clodfelter with UK students in Greece (2007)</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Coldfelter</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> entered collegiate teaching as Instructor of Trumpet and Director of Jazz Band at Mars Hill College. He has served on the faculty of the prestigious Eastern Music Festival and has taught the Carolina Crown Drum and Bugle Corps. He was a founding member of the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Giannini</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Brass and has held positions with the Greensboro Symphony, Orchestra Kentucky, the North Charleston Pops, the Western Piedmont Symphony, the Salisbury Symphony, the Greenville (SC) Symphony and the Eastern Philharmonic Orchestra.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Clodfelter</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> left UK in 2012 to become Professor of Trumpet at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">In 2019, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">he </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">became</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="none" lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Professor of Trumpet at the University of Delaware.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9t-dLnxOZJKu4LW1Kvy7PxSnuJCRXEz4Yk22uLqNv-19ixJTAVJjZTzBLAt8lKnSuJq9KfuQU_J3UDvjFpaf0DJ1iNnQ2G3zYvulHt0xbUm-jYPHeqg_fQJ2arr4TIBtgkP3T/s1600/VinceDocRuiHawk.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9t-dLnxOZJKu4LW1Kvy7PxSnuJCRXEz4Yk22uLqNv-19ixJTAVJjZTzBLAt8lKnSuJq9KfuQU_J3UDvjFpaf0DJ1iNnQ2G3zYvulHt0xbUm-jYPHeqg_fQJ2arr4TIBtgkP3T/s320/VinceDocRuiHawk.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Vince DiMartino, Chase Hawkins, Doc Severinsen, and Rui Li, in the UK trumpet studio during DiMartino's interim appointment for the 2012-13 school year</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vince </span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">returns</span><span class="EOP SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Interim Professor at UK 2012<span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–2013</span></i></span></div>
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<span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vince </span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">DiMartino</span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> returned to UK </span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">for the 2012–2013 academic year while the School of Music conducted a national search for </span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Clodfelter’s</span><span class="TextRun SCXW133576807 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> replacement. Teaching assistants Rui Li and Chase Hawkins also had a large role in leading the studio during that time.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWOZn5EVCigVea8jhO619tQzan5582vQaIbZJ8Dk6rkMjOngvpZ-xUq7JUvMmk-359U-zrvJvD6aHnFlJq-94rM_MbqYV1oGR6KPrLlQjOuKW-CecgMD_onbP9seHq5dNoXfp6/s1600/JasonDovel.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWOZn5EVCigVea8jhO619tQzan5582vQaIbZJ8Dk6rkMjOngvpZ-xUq7JUvMmk-359U-zrvJvD6aHnFlJq-94rM_MbqYV1oGR6KPrLlQjOuKW-CecgMD_onbP9seHq5dNoXfp6/s320/JasonDovel.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jason Dovel</td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Jason Dovel</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Professor at UK 2013</i></span><i style="background-color: transparent; font-family: georgia, georgia_embeddedfont, georgia_msfontservice, serif; font-size: 14.6667px;"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–Present</span></i></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{9d8e3ce5-fc0d-402b-84f4-3185f8402dbc}{246}" paraid="181090008" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The current trumpet professor at the University of Kentucky is Jason Dovel. Dovel came to UK in 2013. Since his arrival, he has established the UK Summer Trumpet Institute</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, organized UK Education Abroad (study abroad) programs to Greece, Australia, and Poland, initiated student recording projects, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">developed </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">an early music program, including the UK Baroque Trumpet Ensemble, UK Early Music Collective, and two Certificate programs in Baroque Trumpet. </span><br />
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Dovel has led UK trumpet ensembles on three compact disc recording projects, including </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Competition Pieces for Trumpet Ensemble (2015), Music for Natural Trumpets (2017) </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">and</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Andromeda: New Music for Trumpet Ensembles (2019).</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Dovel </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">hosted the National Trumpet Competition at the University of Kentucky in 2019.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> He currently serves on the Board of Directors for both the International Trumpet Guild and Historic Brass Society.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW133576807" paraeid="{7e30ffda-43f0-48f0-80dd-473c5153c528}{23}" paraid="1588898739" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<span style="background-color: transparent;">UK Trumpet Ensemble Compact Disc: </span><i style="background-color: transparent;">Andromeda: New Music For Trumpet Ensembles</i><span style="background-color: transparent;"> (2019)</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLJ3cxDYefe6FXCXO0dBFVzcp7dZ0KUa_EeCjoXQOxRoVOhGG4TBRamxEZYlCoDA7V6NMozJ7J8Bddw8nPxfbKIb1w18cWI1JYUpsuCN9Wbw9nV2oFbXeogZSqi3f1XIjdo02A/s1600/UKBaroqueTrumpetCD-cover.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLJ3cxDYefe6FXCXO0dBFVzcp7dZ0KUa_EeCjoXQOxRoVOhGG4TBRamxEZYlCoDA7V6NMozJ7J8Bddw8nPxfbKIb1w18cWI1JYUpsuCN9Wbw9nV2oFbXeogZSqi3f1XIjdo02A/s1600/UKBaroqueTrumpetCD-cover.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">UK Baroque Trumpet Ensemble CD: <i>Music for Natural Trumpets</i> (2017)</td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHTo2BvVHIt5cUxIG4fOQZNOf1i3-Zt2XTkxzOBaRXE0KGUeqpgKs3KKUtlSrgqswRJMfBXvWukBL35ZEv_Fvm2vOvKyCniS9mVtBJRhWOPwS4B6CgjkPvpZYpfDIzqaECV7aZ/s1600/shadesofbluecd.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="155" data-original-width="156" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHTo2BvVHIt5cUxIG4fOQZNOf1i3-Zt2XTkxzOBaRXE0KGUeqpgKs3KKUtlSrgqswRJMfBXvWukBL35ZEv_Fvm2vOvKyCniS9mVtBJRhWOPwS4B6CgjkPvpZYpfDIzqaECV7aZ/s200/shadesofbluecd.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px; text-align: left;">UK Trumpet Ensemble Compact Disc: </span><i style="font-size: 12px; text-align: left;">Competition Pieces for Trumpet Ensemble</i><span style="font-size: 12px; text-align: left;"> (2015)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOaLIMmkZLBu-epI00NHOr0ykGcLETgFCQEDR0ga9XwxlxgcYNNuFAmcQRzhqUJqv3K2Gv4klkXfG62WgvfoQJphz2XSodfJxYw0n1MG4M4R3V70NHcLSUSmRSWKL79E5ep08P/s1600/EversonDovelDiMartinoClodfelter.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1507" data-original-width="1600" height="601" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOaLIMmkZLBu-epI00NHOr0ykGcLETgFCQEDR0ga9XwxlxgcYNNuFAmcQRzhqUJqv3K2Gv4klkXfG62WgvfoQJphz2XSodfJxYw0n1MG4M4R3V70NHcLSUSmRSWKL79E5ep08P/s640/EversonDovelDiMartinoClodfelter.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Four living University of Kentucky trumpet professors converge in Lexington for the 2019 National Trumpet Competition. L-to-R: Terry Everson (1994-1998), Jason Dovel (2013-Present), Vincent DiMartino (1972-1993 and 2012-2013), and Mark Clodfelter (2002-2012).<br />
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<div style="text-align: left;"><h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">University of Kentucky Trumpet Alumni </span></h2>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">While this article primarily focused on the UK faculty, any story about the UK trumpet studio would be incomplete without mention of the numerous UK students </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">who can
literally be found all over the world. Below is a partial listing of names that
have been sent to me during my research. </span></span><i style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Errors and omissions
from this list are not intentional</i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">, and I welcome any corrections or
additions to be sent via email to Jason.Dovel@uky.edu <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Dovel-Era Students</span></u></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
</span></b><i style="background-color: transparent;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></i><br />
<i style="background-color: transparent;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Professors:</span></i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><b>Stephen Wadsack</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (DMA in progress) - instructor of trumpet at Wright State University</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Clint Linkmeyer </span>(DMA in progress) – instructor of trumpet at Eastern Mennonite University</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Samuel Oliveri </span>(DMA in progress) – instructor of trumpet at Arkansas State University</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Javier Salinas</span> (MM ’21) – instructor of trumpet at Texas A&M Kingsville</div><div><b style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Abby Temple</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (BM '20) - adjunct instructor at University of Kentucky</span></span></b></div><div><b style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Jeff Barrington</span></b><span color="windowtext" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12pt;"><b> </b>(DMA ’19) - lecture of brass/trumpet at
Asbury University </span></div></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Marisa Youngs</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (DMA ’18) - instructor of
trumpet at Winthrop University<br /><b style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-size: 12px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Steven Siegel</span></b><span color="windowtext" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12pt;"> (DMA ’17) - assistant professor
of music at Univ. of Wisconsin-Superior</span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Stacy Simpson</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (DMA '16) - instructor of trumpet at
Bellarmine University<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Michael Black</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (DMA '16) - assistant professor of music at Northwestern Oklahoma State University<br /><br /></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Band Directors:</span></i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> <br /><b>Taylor Huffaker</b> (BMME '21) - Director of Bands at Powell County High School<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Tyran Ellis</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME ’19) - Director of Bands at Lewis
County High School <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Shelby Napier</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME, ‘18) - band director at
Royal Spring Middle School in Georgetown, KY (2018) <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">DiaShamar Marshall</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME 2017) band director at Lynhurst 7th/8th Center in Indianapolis, Indiana </span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Conner Kinmon</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME 2017) - Director of Bands at Henderson County High School in <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Henderson, KY</span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Sean Piatt</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME, 2016) – band director atHarrison County High School<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Michael Cotten</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME, 2016) - Director of Bands
at Hector High School in Russelville, Arkansas. Previously band director La Salle Catholic School in </span><span style="font-size: 16px;">Cincinnati</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">. </span></span></div>
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<b style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Katie Safa</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME 2017) -Director of Bands at
Barker Middle School in Michigan City, Indiana (2017) </span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Performing Positions:</span></i><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Sabrina Musick</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME 2016)- trumpeter with the U.S.
Marine Band in San Diego, California.<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Ray Li</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (DMA 2015), performs full-time with the
National Centre for Performing Arts Orchestra in Beijing, China<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Phillip Chase Hawkins</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (MM 2014) Principal Trumpet
of the Knoxville Symphony Orchestra. (Also earned a DMA at
CCM)<br /><b>Stacy Simpson</b>, Louisville Orchestra<br />
</span><i style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></i></div>
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<i style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Arts Admin/Business Positions:</span></i></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Matthew McMahon</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">, Artist Operations Coordinator, St. Louis
Symphony Orchestra<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Joel Crawford</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">, Recording Engineer for the University of
Cincinnati and owner, Joel Crawford Recording<br /><b>Taylor Gustad</b>, Pickett Brass<br /><b>Franki Arroyo</b>, Production Technician, WTVQ-DT ABC TV station<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Ally VerSteegh</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">, Special Events Coordinator for Lyric Opera of Chicago</span></div>
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<i style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></i></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><i>Graduate School Placement:</i><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span><b>Madison Barton</b> (MM 2022) now pursing DM at Florida State as Trumpet TA<br /><b>Drew Reynolds </b>(BM 2022) now pursuing MM and Certificate in Baroque Trumpet at University of Kentucky</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b>David Vest</b><b style="font-style: italic;"> </b>(BM 2021) now pursuing MM at University of North Texas</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b>Javier Salinas</b><b style="font-style: italic;"> </b>(MM 2021) now pursuing DMA at University of Texas – Austin</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b>Abby Temple</b> (BM 2020) completed her MM at Longy School of Music</div></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Will Lovan</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BM 2019) now pursuing his master’s degree
in performance at UCLA with Jens Lindemann as a teaching assistant<br /></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Coleman Scott</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BMME 2019) received MM at University of Colorado-Boulder, now pursuing DMA at Louisiana State University as Trumpet TA</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Shelby Napier </b>(BMME 2018) now pursuing MM at University of Kentucky</span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Jared Wallis</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BM 2015) completed both a MM and DMA at the Eastman School of Music as Trumpet TA</span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Matthew Coile</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BA 2019) is now pursing a PhD at
Northwestern University<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Rhiannon Montgomery</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BA 2019) is now pursuing doctoral study
at the University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy<br /><b>Zach Robinson </b>(BMME 2018) now pursues a MM in music therapy at the University of Kentucky<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Caden Holmes</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BM 2017) won Trumpet Teaching
Assistantship at Oklahoma State University in Fall 2017<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Robert Elliott</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">, who graduated from UK in 2015, won a Teaching
Assistantship at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro,
where he is pursuing a Doctor of Musical Arts in trumpet performance. <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Zac Byrd</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BA 2019) receive the first-ever
fellowship to study the brewing industry through an individualized graduate program at the
University of Kentucky (Fall 2019)<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Pre-Dovel Era</span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
</span></u></b><b style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Julian Kaplan</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12pt;">, principal trumpet of the Kansas City Symphony</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><a href="https://www.kcsymphony.org/musician/julian-kaplan/">https://www.kcsymphony.org/musician/julian-kaplan/</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><br /></span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Rob Parton</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />Professor of Jazz Trumpet, University of North Texas<br />Website: <a href="http://www.rparton.com/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.rparton.com/</span></a></span><br />
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Eric Millard</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"> (BM, ‘13)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">assistant
professor of trumpet at the University of North Carolina -
Charlotte. <a href="https://coaa.uncc.edu/people/eric-millard"><span style="color: blue;">https://coaa.uncc.edu/people/eric-millard</span></a><br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><b>T.J. Tesh</b></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Assistant Professor of Trumpet, University of Southern Mississippi</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Brad Goode</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Associate Professor of
Jazz Studies, University of Colorado<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Website: <a href="http://www.bradgoode.com/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.bradgoode.com/</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Richard Illman</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Emeritus Professor of Trumpet, Michigan State University<br />
<b><br />
Al Hood</b><br />
Professor of Trumpet, University of Denver<br />
Website: <a href="http://www.alhoodtrumpet.com/"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.alhoodtrumpet.com/</span></a><br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Gordon Henderson</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Director of Bands, Professor of Music, Vice Chair of the Music Department at
UCLA<br />
<a href="https://schoolofmusic.ucla.edu/people/gordon-henderson/"><span style="color: blue;">https://schoolofmusic.ucla.edu/people/gordon-henderson/</span></a><br />
<b style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "segoe ui", "segoe ui web", arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "segoe ui", "segoe ui web", arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Todd Hastings</span></b></span></div>
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Professor of Trumpet at Pittsburg State University (KS), 1996-Present<br />
Website: <a href="http://toddhastings.wix.com/home"><span style="color: blue;">http://toddhastings.wix.com/home</span></a><br />
<br />
<b>Michael Miles</b><br />
Director of the School of Music, University of Southern Mississippi<br />
<br />
<b>Richard Byrd</b><br />Professor of Music, Eastern Kentucky University</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Paul Rathke</b><br />
Fine Arts Chair, Grand Prairie Regional College in Canada (Alberta, Canada)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Jonathan Stites</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">, band director for Fayette County Public
Schools<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Scott Heersche</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">, pastor of worship, Centenary Methodist Church<br />
<br /><b>David Hummel</b>,</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Director, Bluegrass Area Jazz Ambassadors<br />Instructor/Staff, Hurst Music</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>John Laverty</b><br />Director of Bands, Syracuse University</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Daniel King</b></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Professor at Capital University, Otterbein University<br />Instrumental Music Teacher, Columbus (OH) City Schools<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">David Welch</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Teaching Assistantship at University of Northern Colorado 1985<br />
Glenn Miller Orchestra, 1986-1987 (Lead Trumpet)<br />
Employed at Disney Productions in Orlando 1989-1994<br />
Music teacher in Jefferson Co. Schools (Retired)<br />
<br />
<b>Paul Klontz</b><br />
Trumpet in The U.S. Army "Pershing's Own," 1990-Present<br />
Assistant Professor of Trumpet at University of Montana at Billings 1990-1991<br />
<br />
<b>Stuart Smith</b><br />
Faculty, Mclean School of Music (McLean, Virginia)<br />
<br />
<b>Peter Bellino</b><br />
Trumpet Professor, Schenectady Community College (New York)<br />
Performances with the Buffalo Philharmonic, New York Repertory Orchestra, Air
Force Band of the Midwest, Walt Disney World, Jeff Tyzik and Gap Mangione Big
Bands, Aretha Franklin, Doc Severinsen, Jamey Aebersold, Oliver Lake and James
Williams.<br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Bart Jones</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
3rd Trumpet, Tuscaloosa Symphony Orchestra<br />
New Hampshire Music Festival<br />
Formerly member of Alabama Symphony Orchestra, the Oklahoma Symphony Orchestra,
Chamber Orchestra of Oklahoma City, Queen City Brass Quintet, Lexington
Philharmonic Orchestra, and Lakeside Symphony<br />
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<b style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Eric Murine</b><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 16px;">Staff, Pickett Brass and Blackburn Trumpets</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">John Altman</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Trumpet, U.S. Army Jazz Ambassadors<br />
<br /><b>Timothy Altman (DMA in 2005 from UK)</b><br />Professor of Trumpet, UNC-Pembroke<br />
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Steve Walters</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Teaching Assistant at The Eastman School of Music 1982<br />
ITG Jazz Finalist in 1979<br />
Free Lance musician Orlando, Florida<br />
<b style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-size: 12px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><b style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-size: 12px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Bernard Walker</span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">
Nashville freelance and studio performer<br />
Teaching Fellowship at Arkansas State University 1985<br />
Trumpet in The Memphis Symphony 1989-1990<br />
Solo Eb Cornet in The Jack Daniel's Silver Cornet Band<br />
<br />
<b>Tim Stutler</b><br />
Minister of Music in Glasgow, KY, 1992-Present<br />
First Trumpet Disney All Collegiate Band 1989<br />
First Trumpet at Busch Gardens at Williamsburg 1990-1991<br />
<br />
<b>Dwyane Hollenbach</b><br />
Lecturer of Trumpet, University of Nevada at Reno<br />
Principal trumpet, <a href="http://www.renobaroque.org/biodwyane.html"><span style="color: blue;">Reno Baroque Ensemble</span></a><br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><b>Doug Martin</b><br />MM in Orchestral Conducting, University of Michigan<br />Currently a lawyer in Lexington, KY<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Greg Sturgill</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Full Tuition Scholarship for doctoral study at University of Cincinnati,
1991<br />
U.K. Concerto Competition Winner, 1990<br />
Aspen Award, 1990<br />
Trumpet Instructor, Campbellsville College 1994<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-size: 12pt;">Eric Masters</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-size: 12pt;">Band Director, Paris
High School</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: #222222; font-size: 12pt;"><b>Tim Dailey</b><br />Director of Bands at </span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="color: #222222;"> Milford Exempted Village School District</span></span></div>
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<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Tara Nogle</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Public school music teacher<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">Lamar Boulet</span></b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Freelance trumpeter, Houston, TX<br />
Disney All Collegiate Orchestra and Medley Band, 1989<br />
Jazz Writing Scholarship at University of Maimi, 1991-1993<br />
Universal Studios, Orlando, 1994-2012</span></div>
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<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt;">
<b>Sam Miller</b><br />
Lawyer in Texas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW133576807" data-ccp-props="{}" style="font-family: "georgia" , "georgia_embeddedfont" , "georgia_msfontservice" , serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 19.425px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-58678646337149428122020-02-18T08:01:00.002-05:002023-03-18T17:54:22.816-04:00A Brief History of Schools of Trumpet Playing<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdXM_NxgRweYjWQiceggjRM4jLWqoXb6QVu-qieA3jFJrkPyiNdPatyvxB2HjRVWMY9arMweZ5xfepSjb3jECmjs-L6V5ZJYlidHznp7Fo8tfgixnj_NrvRjKXrC6TCznkbX19/s1600/SCHOOLS.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdXM_NxgRweYjWQiceggjRM4jLWqoXb6QVu-qieA3jFJrkPyiNdPatyvxB2HjRVWMY9arMweZ5xfepSjb3jECmjs-L6V5ZJYlidHznp7Fo8tfgixnj_NrvRjKXrC6TCznkbX19/s640/SCHOOLS.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{54f7ef1a-1c83-46be-811a-2df4ba2c4e86}{151}" paraid="1153043368" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Trumpet playing around the world can be organized into various "schools." These schools often share many common traits and reflect important lineages of teachers. All serious students of the trumpet should have a good general understanding of these schools.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{54f7ef1a-1c83-46be-811a-2df4ba2c4e86}{151}" paraid="1153043368" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">This list is</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> not intend</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">ed as comprehensive or scholarly treatment of every important school</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">, but rather</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> a brief overview of major contributors to the art of trumpet playing (perhaps</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> something you can read while </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">waiting on your </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">cappuccino</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">in line at Starbucks</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">)</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-kerning: none; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-ligatures: none; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">. If you would like to dig deeper, I've provided a list of resources at the end.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" color="windowtext" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{54f7ef1a-1c83-46be-811a-2df4ba2c4e86}{187}" paraid="319335971" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The French School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{54f7ef1a-1c83-46be-811a-2df4ba2c4e86}{193}" paraid="1398437617" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">A good place to start is the Paris Conservatory and its teachers. François </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Dauverné</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1799–1874) was the first trumpet professor at the Conservatory and Jean-</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Baptiste</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Arban</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1825–1889) was the first cornet professor. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Arban’s</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> highly influential book, today known as the</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Complete Conservatory Method </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">or simply the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Arban’s</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> book, was originally titled </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Grande </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">méthode</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">complète</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> pour cornet à pistons et de saxhorn</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and was first published in 1</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">8</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">64 in Paris. </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnaNBtEVKbBXYEUA5Jk3ve9VDkNvR-ps3qMcNgw4rlyjNUma5YJMJlSdn70NpaZjCjZaQtnXiHSfNRfowDQ4xBk1pAATv4d4IFMY-CZSB_wlLtjwfQ4I6j3ETxmgegsUPAhsjY/s1600/arban.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="303" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnaNBtEVKbBXYEUA5Jk3ve9VDkNvR-ps3qMcNgw4rlyjNUma5YJMJlSdn70NpaZjCjZaQtnXiHSfNRfowDQ4xBk1pAATv4d4IFMY-CZSB_wlLtjwfQ4I6j3ETxmgegsUPAhsjY/s320/arban.jpg" width="214" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Jean-Baptiste Arban</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{54f7ef1a-1c83-46be-811a-2df4ba2c4e86}{193}" paraid="1398437617" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Other important French players from the 19</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">and early 20th centuries include </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Merri</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Franquin</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1848–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1934), </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Eugene</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Foveau</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1886–1957), Sylvain Petit (1864–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1925), among others.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{14}" paraid="1555712954" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Maurice Andre</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1933–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2012) is one of the most important French trumpeters of the 20</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and early 21</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">st</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> centuries, as well as</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> one of the most important trumpeters of all time. He was a st</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">udent of Raymond </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Sabarich</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1909–1966). Pierre </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Thibaud</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1929–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2004) is another important 20</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> century French trumpeter, who played both jazz and classical music.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{48}" paraid="294883399" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="font-family: "segoe ui", "segoe ui web", arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The French school is marked by the strong influence of the cornet as well as </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">artistry in</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> solo playing. The French </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Solo de </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Concours</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> tradition has given us a vast library of trumpet repertoire. Today, the French School is often associated with a preference for C trumpet. It is also important to note that much of the 20</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> French trumpet music was written for trumpets with a small</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">er</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> bore, as compared to today’s large bore instruments.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span>
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b>England/UK</b></span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span>
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">A history of trumpet playing in the United Kingdom perhaps begins with Matthias Shore (d. 1700), a Sergeant Trumpeter and the patriarch of the Shore family. His duty was to issue performing licenses to trumpet players and drummers around the country. We know the Shore family had considerable musical and social influence as they accompanied the King of England on his trip to Holland in 1690. Matthias's children include William (trumpeter), Catherine (singer), and John (trumpeter). John Shore (1662</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">–1752) was one of the most famous trumpeters of his day. He invented the tuning fork in 1711 and was a trumpeter for Henry Purcell and G. Handel. (There is a bit of confusion here as there appears to be two John Shores in England during this era. For more details, see Jeffrey Pulzer's ITG article cited at the end of this blog).</span></div>
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<span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;"><br />Later trumpet players included Ernest Hall, George Eskdale (1897</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">–1960), and Bernard Brown (1914</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">–83).</span></div>
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<span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">One of the leading English trumpeters of the 20th century was Philip Jones (1928</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">–2000), the leader of the Philip Jones Brass Ensemble. Jones was a student of Ernest Hall.</span></div>
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<span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">England is also home to the large British Brass Band tradition, and accordingly, the prominent use of the cornet and other conical-bore instruments.</span></span><br />
<span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;"><br />In contrast with the French preference for the C trumpet, modern English trumpeters sometimes exhibit a preference for the B-flat trumpet. </span></span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_2ohawK4YLW0eKS8xncSiDvZphfrLhEFlMp3l6ZJUDzy4p0NuWCmkQchaNsaWoSb2OtGGSTMZHl3IYIE3KCNBddtnvlbrNMViTocome-C1DjgP2lECA0qHKqIJL8w73Ag2fV8/s1600/LPOtpts.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="845" data-original-width="1541" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_2ohawK4YLW0eKS8xncSiDvZphfrLhEFlMp3l6ZJUDzy4p0NuWCmkQchaNsaWoSb2OtGGSTMZHl3IYIE3KCNBddtnvlbrNMViTocome-C1DjgP2lECA0qHKqIJL8w73Ag2fV8/s400/LPOtpts.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small; text-align: left;">London Philharmonic trumpets using B-flat instruments</span></td></tr>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">German/Austrian School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{76}" paraid="1578204424" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Germany and Austria are home to some of the world’s greatest orchestras, such as the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra and the Vienna Philharmonic. Accordingly, this part of the world is well known for outstanding orchestral trumpeting. Franz </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Dengler</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1890</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1963) was the principal trumpet in the Vienna Philharmonic and an important teacher. Another VP trumpeter, Helmut </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Wobisch</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1912</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1980) is known for his 1952 recording of the Haydn trumpet concerto</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">,</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> which led to its great revival. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{94}" paraid="1258543127" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">In the solo trumpet world, Adolf </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Scherbaum</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1909</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2000) was highly successful and a leader in the promotion of the use of piccolo trumpet.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{102}" paraid="1346604293" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Many Germans came to the United States to find musical employment, including Christian </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Rodenkirchen</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1858</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1915), the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">principal</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> trumpet of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in the late 19</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-fontsize="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> century.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{118}" paraid="808640426" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">German and Austrian trumpeters, especially orchestral musicians, are well known for their preference for the rotary trumpet.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{122}" paraid="1595917178" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Russian School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{128}" paraid="294100106" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Russian Trumpet School has</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> connections and influences from</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Germany. The first trumpet professor at the St. Petersburg Conservatory was a German trumpeter, Johann </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Metzdorff</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. Another important German trumpeter in Russia was Oskar </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Böhme</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1870–1938) who performed in St. Petersburg’s </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mariinsky</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Theatre for 24 years and also taught and played elsewhere in Russia.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{152}" paraid="974637787" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Theodor Richter was the first trumpet professor at the Moscow Conservatory.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Another important Russian trumpet player is Karl Wilhelm </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Vasily</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Georgievich</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Brandt, whose </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">34 Orchestral Etudes</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (now public domain and easily accessible) remain influential around the world.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{174}" paraid="159808480" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">According to Edward </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Tarr</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (in </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Trumpet)</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, the founder of the modern Russian trumpet school was Mikhail </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Tabakov</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1877</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–1</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">956). He had a famous pupil and assistant </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Timofei</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Dokschitzer</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1921</span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 14.6667px;">–</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2005), who today remains one of the most </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">memorable</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and influential trumpet players.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMmLhIgZ-HHu7Pvbb8kBp1jvzLcGc2FV6hhyphenhyphen8xMw8nwrY8K1FSSV0QPQglfCmuI0sthFtkCFovk_AWxYHuc7PsTceh94hm9_XSfYOuuNsrfZJklgo0xKuxErr6X2W-eUP_bZBA/s1600/timdoc2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="269" data-original-width="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMmLhIgZ-HHu7Pvbb8kBp1jvzLcGc2FV6hhyphenhyphen8xMw8nwrY8K1FSSV0QPQglfCmuI0sthFtkCFovk_AWxYHuc7PsTceh94hm9_XSfYOuuNsrfZJklgo0xKuxErr6X2W-eUP_bZBA/s1600/timdoc2.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Timofei</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Dokschitzer</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Chicago School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{210}" paraid="1541936517" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">While this is a large and diverse school, the "Chicago" school of brass </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">playing came from the brass players in the</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Chicago Symphony</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Orchestra, especially those from the mid-to-late 20th century. These included:</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{ce2a5e41-bdcf-4bf7-a55d-0817d8cea3d8}{220}" paraid="1903084410" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">A</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">rnold Jacobs (1915–1998</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">),</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">principal tuba</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra from 1944–1988 and Professor of Tuba at Northwestern University.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Adolph </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">"Bud" </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Hers</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">eth</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1921–2013), </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">principal trumpet of the CSO from 1948–2001.</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop BCX0 SCXW143069854" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsvnuNA_rJXoJaGIvrZADrZu4tNz0Cwhb_lNLTafAhZx1dIbn5fBk-zpclxlGUht9sWNapIt_xnz62ego4xf8rlug2UyEOVv1eXPZTGkpN8tdIOc8BoTrCV_Ucu8zM2jLeFkpe/s1600/vincent-c.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="178" data-original-width="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsvnuNA_rJXoJaGIvrZADrZu4tNz0Cwhb_lNLTafAhZx1dIbn5fBk-zpclxlGUht9sWNapIt_xnz62ego4xf8rlug2UyEOVv1eXPZTGkpN8tdIOc8BoTrCV_Ucu8zM2jLeFkpe/s1600/vincent-c.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Vincent Cichowicz</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vince </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Cichowicz</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1927–2006), second trumpet </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">in the Chicago Symphony and Professor of Trumpet at Northwestern University.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{1}" paraid="1643925031" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Philip </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Farkas</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1914–1992)</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">,</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> principal horn of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (and previously the Cleveland and Boston Orchestras).</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{13}" paraid="1208757158" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Teachers in the "Chicago School" often prioritize the musical product as well as proper breathing mechanics. Arnold Jacobs's pedagogical approach summarized this with the phrase, "Song and Wind." According to Brian Fredrickson in </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Song and Wind</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Arnold Jacobs was considered “the world’s foremost expert on the study of respiration.” Jacobs’s teaching went well beyond simply breathing, however, and included many important contributions to mental, physical, and artistic aspects of brass performance. There are many publications today available from the Chicago School which you can find at the end of this blog. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Schlossberg School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Max </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Sclossberg</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1873–1936) was born in </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Libau</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Latvia. He studied at the Moscow Conservatory with </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Marquard</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Putkammer</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and Adolph Sauer. He later moved to New York, first as a freelancer, and later as a member of the New York Philharmonic from 1910–1936.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9ckm3uENnsPicYnkFRRHo0N3q74NnZ8TopOi4B29lvCJ1wTKk-jXKjWkv7uT9NZ9B8iJQvFNtgbdncP3SVjVHNjGu7hyqEy8vK4aPQLCS7s6BI1wVdAdtSMFZ2pakYi8_Nlro/s1600/maxs.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="364" data-original-width="298" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh9ckm3uENnsPicYnkFRRHo0N3q74NnZ8TopOi4B29lvCJ1wTKk-jXKjWkv7uT9NZ9B8iJQvFNtgbdncP3SVjVHNjGu7hyqEy8vK4aPQLCS7s6BI1wVdAdtSMFZ2pakYi8_Nlro/s320/maxs.jpg" width="261" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US">Max </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Sclossberg</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">According to Edward </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Tarr</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Max Schlossberg was a master teacher of his time, with many students and professional players seeking him out for lessons. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">These included William </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vacchiano</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Elden</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Benge</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Charles Colin, Louis Davidson, Harry </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Glantz</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Renold</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Schilke</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, James Stamp, Harry James, and many others.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{153}" paraid="259249828" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{181}" paraid="1393989613" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">His </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">method book, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Daily Drills and Technical Studies for Trumpet</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> was published in 1937 and remains an important staple of </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">the</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> pedagogical repertoire.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{181}" paraid="1393989613" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{195}" paraid="1367851356" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vacchiano</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{203}" paraid="2061765248" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">William </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vacchiano</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1912–2005) was an American trumpeter player. He was born in Portland, Maine and was playing in the Portland Symphony by age 14. He was principal trumpet of the New York Philharmonic for 31 years; initially appointed in 1935 as third/assistant principal trumpet, he was appointed principal trumpet in 1942 by Bruno Walter. </span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{211}" paraid="630649373" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He taught trumpet at the Julliard School from 1935–2002, as well as concurrent appointments at Mannes College of Music and Manhattan School of Music, and left behind a huge legacy of former students. Some of his most famous students have included Miles Davis, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Wynton</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Marsalis, Philip Smith, Charles </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Schlueter</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Gerard Schwarz</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{229}" paraid="387271087" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{229}" paraid="387271087" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Brian Shook's book, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Last Stop, Carnegie Hall</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, is perhaps the most comprehensive guide to the life of William </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vacchiano.</span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuL-Y2WvnrjEDGdjig818dOUuzG78S6OBuEFIFYNLR6HNfafos_nHx1SsAzqZ0e5B-LokZJa7dmPzHpU1Ujd7QfjlSqVokEDutmvFS-tKgmDbcgIMxRLEXpf5YOMz9LEtoJidI/s1600/vach.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="502" data-original-width="340" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuL-Y2WvnrjEDGdjig818dOUuzG78S6OBuEFIFYNLR6HNfafos_nHx1SsAzqZ0e5B-LokZJa7dmPzHpU1Ujd7QfjlSqVokEDutmvFS-tKgmDbcgIMxRLEXpf5YOMz9LEtoJidI/s320/vach.jpg" width="216" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US">William </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vacchiano</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{229}" paraid="387271087" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">James Stamp School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{239}" paraid="2060747992" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{245}" paraid="706181582" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">James Stamp (1904–1985) was an American trumpet player. He was a member of the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra. He later moved to California and played studio work in Hollywood.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{f8a3a418-761d-4af7-bad7-59a0a44b0668}{249}" paraid="410908655" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">He is perhaps most well known for his book, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Warm-ups + Studies</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, which was first published in 1978. These studies continue to be used as popular warm-ups and fundamental routines by players around the world.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{2}" paraid="1178993560" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Stamp was an advocate of free-buzzing and mouthpiece playing. According to David Hickman (</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Trumpet Pedagogy</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, p. 201) James Stamp was "one of the first people to make lip buzzing an acceptable method of embouchure building."</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{2}" paraid="1178993560" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{10}" paraid="1672040703" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Prominent former students who are still living and teaching Stamp's methods include Malcolm </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">McNab</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and Roy </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Poper</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. Stamp also taught Thomas Stevens, principal trumpet of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{22}" paraid="401346327" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bill Adam School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{28}" paraid="1792025624" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">William "Bill" Adam (1917–2013) was Professor of Trumpet at Indiana University. He studied with Herbert L. Clarke, Louis </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Maggio</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, and others. While he is today most known as a trumpet teacher, he actually held a master's degree in music theory from Eastman and taught in the public schools in Colorado.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{36}" paraid="123485745" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">His notable former students have included Chris </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Botti</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Randy </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Brecker</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Pat </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Harbison</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, John Rommel, Karl </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Sievers</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, and Greg Wing.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{56}" paraid="2103792854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">While he never published a book or article himself, Bill Adam's students -- who are perhaps the most devoted disciples of any trumpet school -- carry on his pedagogical approach and legacy.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{60}" paraid="371975634" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">For a glimpse into the Adam approach, check out <a href="https://everythingtrumpet.com/billadam/adam-articles-and-lectures/1975-itg-clinic-address-by-prof-william-a-adam">the transcript of his address to the International Trumpet Guild in 1975</a>. </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{67}" paraid="660474825" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Laurie </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Frink</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{77}" paraid="1382071077" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Laurie </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Frink</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (1951–2013) was an American trumpet player who was especially well known for jazz trumpet playing and teaching. She performed with the Mel Lewis Orchestra, Maria Schneider Orchestra, and many others. She taught at the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Manhattan</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> School of Music, The New School, NYU, and the New England Conservatory.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Frink</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> was especially well known for her diagnostic ability for physical issues on the trumpet, including the embouchure, facial muscles, etc.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkoNg30WpnmXkRnGUsyNK6PYBs2KbF2HGaASxV67TMySW1ULLK6vX6el7WxJDZPC3GXMZX7YujdGrFUgWVak6bX3CW27_AXx8EDrMymlQ5M_rWDj-zTduroxLU5r7DKCoNuD-d/s1600/frink.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="508" data-original-width="376" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkoNg30WpnmXkRnGUsyNK6PYBs2KbF2HGaASxV67TMySW1ULLK6vX6el7WxJDZPC3GXMZX7YujdGrFUgWVak6bX3CW27_AXx8EDrMymlQ5M_rWDj-zTduroxLU5r7DKCoNuD-d/s320/frink.jpg" width="236" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Laurie Frink</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{77}" paraid="1382071077" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">With John McNeil, she published </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Flexus</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">: Trumpet Calisthenics for the Modern Improviser</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, which has become a very popular resource for trumpet players around the world.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Frink was a student of Carmine Caruso, and this book and her teaching strongly reflect Caruso's influence.</span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{105}" paraid="1405476217" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Her noteworthy career received a full biography in the </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">New York Times</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/18/arts/music/laurie-frinktrumpeter-and-brass-instructor-to-many-dies-at-61.html">which can be read here</a> (external link) and Derek Ganong's dissertation is on the subject of her pedagogical method (link below).</span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{113}" paraid="939376354" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Trumpet in China</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{124}" paraid="898040652" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The central hub of trumpet teaching in China is the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing. The first trumpet teachers at the Central Conservatory were </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bai</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Lin and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Ji</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">RuiKai</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bai</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Lin is well known for his </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Lip Flexibilities </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">book that was published in 1996 and used around the world. Currently, the trumpet teachers at the Central Conservatory are Dai </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Zhonghui</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and Chen </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Guang</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{156}" paraid="787425204" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">With a growing number of professional orchestras, such as the National Center for Performing Arts </span><span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 14.6667px;">(NCPA) </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Orchestra, Beijing Symphony Orchestra, China National Symphony Orchestra, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Guangzho</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Symphony Orchestra, and others, opportunities for trumpet players in China are on the rise.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{164}" paraid="1573026862" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Through organizations like the China Trumpet Guild, China has been increasing its activity and visibility in the trumpet world. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">A growing number of Chinese students are traveling abroad to study trumpet in Europe and the United States. </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Rui</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Li became the first Chinese citizen to earn a DMA in trump</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">et performance, completing this degree </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">at the University of Kentucky</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> in 2015</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">.</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Rui</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> is currently a member of t</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">he NCPA orchestra in Beijing, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">performer on the Baroque natural trumpet, </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">a consultant for Bill </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Pfund</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Trumpets, and a leading exponent of classical free improvisation.</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWgfjik6NeKKFbuHxynMD5taiP-eBRl2kHoM43cFUFdyQQ-YTFQHhyphenhyphenUsRr17R4lIl0gG2ZnqP85aLklh5ch2MIiaSojMQweeMwOCt-wWRa8Lm9GH4jY-HNvcNB-vtNxcehy4yg/s1600/ruimeta.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="690" data-original-width="557" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWgfjik6NeKKFbuHxynMD5taiP-eBRl2kHoM43cFUFdyQQ-YTFQHhyphenhyphenUsRr17R4lIl0gG2ZnqP85aLklh5ch2MIiaSojMQweeMwOCt-wWRa8Lm9GH4jY-HNvcNB-vtNxcehy4yg/s320/ruimeta.jpg" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Chinese trumpeter Rui Li with conductor Zubin Mehta at an NCPA Orchestra concert in Beijing</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{164}" paraid="1573026862" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<b style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext;"><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Jazz Trumpet Schools</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></b></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{204}" paraid="1730831961" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The jazz trumpet world is vastly diverse, with much cross pollination and evolution, and there is not adequate space in this week's blog post to cover all of the important schools of jazz trumpet playing. If you're curious in this area, you might want to explore existing resources, such as this <a href="https://trumpetboards.com/topic/100/jazz-trumpet-family-tree-find-your-branch">Jazz Trumpet Family Tree</a>. (external link) </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{206}" paraid="196518491" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Sources/For further reading:</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{ed00b344-9ab5-4ac1-abe6-7f67da299e90}{238}" paraid="1271089648" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">General History/Pedagogy</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{ed00b344-9ab5-4ac1-abe6-7f67da299e90}{240}" paraid="1712454297" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Hickman, David </span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><u>A Compendium of Modern Teaching Techniques</u></span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(Hickman Music Editions)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{ed00b344-9ab5-4ac1-abe6-7f67da299e90}{242}" paraid="2093871206" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Hickman, David,<i><u> </u></i></span><u><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Trumpet Greats</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></u><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(Hickman Music Editions)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{ed00b344-9ab5-4ac1-abe6-7f67da299e90}{244}" paraid="1242791859" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span face=""segoe ui" , "segoe ui web" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Koehler, Elisa, </span></span><u style="font-family: "segoe ui", "segoe ui web", arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Fanfares and Finesse: </u><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;"><u>A Performer's Guide to Trumpet History and Literature</u> (Indiana University Press)</span><br /><span face=""segoe ui" , "segoe ui web" , "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Tarr, Edward, </span></span></span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><u>The Trumpet</u></span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(Hickman Music Editions)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{ed00b344-9ab5-4ac1-abe6-7f67da299e90}{234}" paraid="1622646375" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Chicago School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{0e2202b7-6c26-4b18-b755-36bfc8751070}{77}" paraid="988621562" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Cichowicz</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Michael and </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Dulin</span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, Mark, </span><u><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Vincent </span></span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Cichowicz</span></span></u><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><u> Long Tone Studies</u> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(Studio 259 Productions</span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">)</span></span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Farkas, Phillip,<u> </u></span><u><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The Art of Brass Playing</span></span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></u><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(Wind Music)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Farkas, Philip, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><u>The Art of Musicianship</u> </span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(Musical Publications)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{bfbe2513-838e-4446-b24e-2c621817eb08}{33}" paraid="255813035" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;" xml:lang="EN-US">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Fredrickson, Brian, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><u>Arnold Jacobs: Song and Wind</u></span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><u> </u>(Windsong Press)</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{937e13d5-a745-4101-9c9e-a374288e3b10}{254}" paraid="767752744" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Vacchiano School</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{210}" paraid="299621570" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Brian Shook, </span><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><u>Last Stop, Carnegie Hall</u></span></span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (University of North Texas Press)</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop BCX0 SCXW143069854" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span></div>
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{210}" paraid="299621570" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Other Resources</span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><br />
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Pulzer, Jeffrey. "The Shore Family," October 1976<i> International Trumpet Guild Journal.</i></span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph BCX0 SCXW143069854" paraeid="{a38ab972-f6a5-4116-9014-e55e884dcc89}{216}" paraid="171397149" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Bill Adam Transcript</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><a class="Hyperlink BCX0 SCXW143069854" href="https://everythingtrumpet.com/billadam/adam-articles-and-lectures/1975-itg-clinic-address-by-prof-william-a-adam" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="none" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-charstyle="Hyperlink" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">https://everythingtrumpet.com/billadam/adam-articles-and-lectures/1975-itg-clinic-address-by-prof-william-a-adam</span></span></a><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">Derek Ganong's dissertation on Laurie Frink:</span></span><br />
<span face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px;">https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2397&context=oa_dissertations&fbclid=IwAR2eoDY5BFHctg2-Dj7eyRMfB8OYt2cWyFmWt4D_BcCTkiuufk6ftWQX104</span></span><br />
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<span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Laurie Frink </span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">New York Times</span><span class="TextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> article </span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop BCX0 SCXW143069854" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span><a class="Hyperlink BCX0 SCXW143069854" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/18/arts/music/laurie-frinktrumpeter-and-brass-instructor-to-many-dies-at-61.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: text;" target="_blank"><span class="TextRun Underlined BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="none" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/18/arts/music/laurie-frinktrumpeter-and-brass-instructor-to-many-dies-at-61.html</span></span></a><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span><span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s1600/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcX8uIrNjUgqhB6hQXYZ50zuSM44YrcqUd8JF0X081VHtl1lxlck6FMvcM-1qG_mElRbdjU-sYnvnbfsiwHVyW9hfUsrrAbHB5n70hyphenhyphen-EvG9py2m3l5RGqotP7U_dmdr1Np7sz/s200/19_0606_JasonD_mw_medium-0239.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<span class="EOP BCX0 SCXW143069854" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 20.7px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br /><br />Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-30360524175437915942020-02-11T07:46:00.001-05:002023-03-18T17:54:35.938-04:00Tips for Choosing Where To Go to School<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Choosing where
to go to college or graduate school for music is one of the most important decisions a
person will make in their lifetime. The years they will spend under the
tutelage of that intuition's faculty, the friends and colleagues they make, and
the atmosphere of the city/community all have the potential to be transformational.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6pQsEcBj3KUd-ddAFw0vvuoRHHVUnIf4Dea8_c_ve9Wna4kkxtIkiDwGavZjexzLQDRkX9zCS9dRqTkzOKNTwVTSj0usJKVRj5JdnqBZownTsOfHF3DYHVWPkzUg86yXo6vQK/s1600/quad.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="575" data-original-width="804" height="456" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6pQsEcBj3KUd-ddAFw0vvuoRHHVUnIf4Dea8_c_ve9Wna4kkxtIkiDwGavZjexzLQDRkX9zCS9dRqTkzOKNTwVTSj0usJKVRj5JdnqBZownTsOfHF3DYHVWPkzUg86yXo6vQK/s640/quad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The Teacher<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The one-on-one
nature of private lessons means that you are going to spend a lot of time with
your private teacher. You want to choose a school where you will have a
positive relationship with the faculty, and especially your applied lessons
professor. Your relationship with the teacher has the potential to not only be
a four year, academic relationship, but really a lifelong relationship. I have
been lucky that many of my teachers have stayed present in my life and continue
to be important mentors. I’ve also been lucky that most of my students stay in
regular contact with me after they graduate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Try to arrange
at least one private lesson with the professor prior to your audition. This
gives you an opportunity to meet the teacher, and experience their teaching
style. Yes, it’s nice if the teacher’s personality fits well with yours, but I
wouldn’t get too hung up on that. I’ve had introverted and extroverted
teachers, formal and informal teachers, and I’ve learned from them all. What’s
really important is, do you trust this person? Do you want to work with them?
Do you feel like they are excited to work with you? Do they inspire you? Do you
like the way sound on their instrument? Do you like the way their students
sound? Are their students successful? <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">While it's probably self-evident that your private lessons are important if you want to be a performer, they are also crucial to your development if you want to be an educator, composer, conductor, or other career in music. Private lessons are where you develop your interpretation, phrasing, and musicianship, and are therefore important to any career in music.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">That being said, if you do want to be a performer, you may also
want to consider if the teacher’s priorities fit with your performing aspirations. For example, if you want to be a jazz musician and the teacher
doesn’t allow their students to study jazz or play in jazz ensembles, that
would be a major problem. On the other hand, if your professional goals are to
play in an orchestra and the teacher at a university is mostly a jazz musician
who doesn’t own a C trumpet, that might also be an awkward fit. Find a teacher
that you trust who has the background to help you achieve your goals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">University Ensembles<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The quality of
the university’s performing ensembles is really important. The other music students
at the university will be a major influence on you, and in an ideal situation
you are playing in ensembles where the other players have high abilities and
high standards. For example, if you are playing in ensembles where the intonation
and tone standards are low, it may be difficult for you to develop a solid
sense of tuning and sound production. If you are playing in a group where the
standards are very high, it’s going to challenge and inspire you to raise your
own musicianship to fit into the group’s level of playing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The diversity of
the university’s ensembles is also important. Most schools have a band, but not
every school has an orchestra, jazz groups, or chamber ensembles. If you want
to get orchestral experience, you may want to choose a school that has an
orchestra. Similarly, if you want to learn jazz, you’ll want to have jazz
ensembles as your laboratory for learning that style. Also, if you go to a very
small school with limited instrumentation, forming chamber ensembles may be a challenge.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">With regard to
ensembles, it’s not uncommon for a particular school to be stronger in one area
than another. Some music programs may have some ensembles that tour internationally
and record CDs, yet have other groups that struggle to find enough players and
rehearse infrequently. If you do your homework (go hear the ensembles and ask
around) you can determine if the diversity of the school’s performing groups is also
matched by across-the-board quality in all of the ensembles.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The Degree Requirements<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">One thing
students often do NOT look at is the actual curriculum. Yes, the teacher and
the ensembles are important, but also take time to check out the classes you’ll
be taking. If a school offers a variety of music degrees, consider the degree
requirements for each degree and which one fits your ambitions and interests best. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Every student should
ask this question of professors at their prospective university: “How long do
students take to finish this degree?”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Some universities are transparent that music degrees at their school
usually take five years. Other schools work hard to get undergraduate students
out in four years. These are <i>years</i> of your life you’re talking about and
you want to invest them wisely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(BTW,
the best measure of time-to-graduate is not what the degree plan says, but
rather, what was the actual experience of alumni from the past 5 years?) What
about course and ensemble expectations? Will you get enough experience in a
variety of ensembles? Is marching band required for 1, 2, or more years? These
questions may help you make up your mind not only about which school to attend,
but also which degree to pursue.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The City/Community<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Other factors to
consider are the city and community. Do you want go to school far away? Close
to home? As a musician, you may also want to look for (1) Opportunities to
perform outside the university, (2) Opportunities to teach private lessons, (3)
Opportunities to work with high-level public school programs, and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(4) The availability of professional-level
ensembles. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">I was lucky to
get a lot of professional performing and teaching experience an undergraduate
student, and I know that is not always the case. In an ideal situation, you go
to school in an environment where you apply the material you learn in class in
the community as a practicing musician in the real world. When you graduate,
such experiences will be incredibly valuable and will make you more
employable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">You also might
want to think about the other professional-level ensembles are in the community.
For example, if you want to be an orchestral musician, you might want to go to
school in a city where there is a quality professional orchestra. If you want
to be a jazz musician, you might want to find out what the city’s “scene” is
like, as you’ll want to surround yourself with jazz musicians and groups that
you can “sit in” with and learn in real-world situations. (Some cities are
famous for vibrant jazz scenes and some are deserts.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">You may have
other personal criteria for choosing a good city/community. Are you a
vegetarian or vegan in need of supportive restaurants and grocery stores? Do
you have medical needs that can only meet by certain facilities? Are you
looking for community in a particular religious place of worship? Or, are you
looking to put yourself outside your comfort zone in a community that is much
different from your hometown?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Alumni<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Often when
prospective students visit a potential school they get to meet some current
students. This is a good idea!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It's
great to meet current students, sit in on current classes, and all of that. But,
what may actually be more important is to learn about recent alumni. Did they have a good experience at their alma mater? Are they
using their degree? Are they employed in music? Employment in music fields can
be competitive, and it's worth considering the recent placement track record of
a prospective schools. Go to a school where people get jobs!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Some schools and
teachers are "powerhouses" of placement into the professional world. Examples from the trumpet world include: Charlie Geyer and Barbara Butler (currently
at Rice University) are respected as the experts for placing students into
orchestral positions; Keith Johnson, the now-retired Regents
Professor of Trumpet at the University of North Texas, had an exemplary record
of placing students into university professorships. Do your homework, and find
out about the placement rate of the school. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Finances<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">It would be
remiss of me to not mention the financial part of where you go to school.
School is expensive! Where you choose to go to school can have a major impact
on your short- and long-term financial health.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Regardless of
where you go to school, and regardless of your family’s financial status, you
should fill out the FASFA to see what federal financial aid is available. I
won't go into all those details here, but follow <a href="https://fafsa.ed.gov/">this link (external link)</a> and
you can read more on the government website.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">You’ll want to
find out what academic, music, and need-based scholarships may be available. (Tip:
Maybe don't ask about this in your very first email to the school,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>as it may make you look like you're more
interested in money than an education.) You’ll want to ask if financial awards
can be “stacked” (combined) or not. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">You’ll want to consider any financial award
relative to the overall cost and not as an isolated figure. In other words, a
$20,000 scholarship toward a $60,000 tuition bill means you still owe $40,000;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But the seemingly much smaller $2,000
scholarship toward a $10,000 tuition bill means you only owe $8,000.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">My advice is to
consider finances as one of the factors (along with those other factors already
mentioned) in choosing your school, but not THE deciding factor. A few times
over the years I have had prospective students tell me things like “Well I’m
just going to go wherever I get the most money.” First, that’s probably not the
best approach to getting the best education, and second, that’s probably not
the best way to make a positive impression on a prospective teacher.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Loans can be a
way to afford school and – let's be honest -- most people have them – but be
mindful of how much money you are and try to not get in over your head.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> A career in m</span>usic is an awesome dream that is worthy of
being pursued -- but borrowing $200,000 to be a public school music teacher is
probably not the best way to set yourself up for long-term financial success.
(Loan repayment programs are available for public school teachers in some
areas, as well as for those who pursue employment in the military. If you think
you may be borrowing a lot of money, it's worth looking into these options for
erasing the debt after you graduate.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "serif";">The decision of
where to spend years of your life studying music is extremely important.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The professors, ensembles, and community will
leave a lasting influence on your life. I hope this week's blog is helpful as you plan your future.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-66822387970032294842020-02-05T07:52:00.002-05:002023-03-18T17:54:51.696-04:00The Case for the Music Performance Degree<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In last week’s blog, I made the case for the music education
degree. In keeping the theme of sharing complementary perspectives of a topic,
I aim to promote the music performance degree this week, and to get the full
context of this post, you may wish to read <a href="http://jasondovel.blogspot.com/2020/01/the-case-for-music-education-degree.html">the previous entry</a> if you haven’t
done so already.<br />
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In my experience, most parents, professors, and academic
advisors already steer students toward the music education degree. In a
way, last week’s blog advocating the music education degree was easy to write.
Making the case for a performance degree is in some ways more challenging.
Music performance is a highly competitive field and requires a lot of hard work
-- and parents don’t want to see their children starve!<br />
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I think the rationale for a performance degree varies
depending on which level of degree you are doing, so first, here are two reasons to consider a bachelor’s degree in music
performance:</div>
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<b>It May Be Difficult to Practice Enough as a Music
Education Major<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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Last week I talked about the wonderful well-rounded
curriculum of the music education degree, with its conducting classes,
instrumental methods courses on all of the orchestral instruments, etc. The bad
news is, all of these courses are going to take up a lot of your time. Many of
these classes will be 1-credit only, and you’ll often take several of them in a
single semester. Learning all of these secondary instruments will require
in-class instruction and private practice. This means it’s going to be a challenge
to find enough practice time if your real goal is to be a top-level performer
on your primary instrument.<br />
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When I have had students switch from music education to
performance, it’s usually because they were frustrated that all of the academic
classes cut into the time they wanted to practice. If I'm being honest, I will
say that I did not practice enough during my music education undergraduate
degree, and therefore chose to continue my education at the graduate level,
pursuing a master's degree in performance, for the primary purpose of an
opportunity to focus on private practice.<br />
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Yes, there are many professional performers out there who
earned a music education degree, and yes you can find time to practice within a
busy class schedule, but you need to know that pursuing a music education
degree will require very careful and strategic time management if you also plan
to practice enough to develop professional-level performance skills.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtI7rkdhPI1rMZxRsoUiT4tj8sgmajTwP-ytAXE8x1rBKZaBl8m7wLRp9IPWNz0oZUdAySZ_DTc5oOx86nr_Q6sVU-VohYQggkGts3zgVsLSdJflY3Umah46E-YDyTLDts_teQ/s1600/wynton-use.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="467" data-original-width="740" height="401" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtI7rkdhPI1rMZxRsoUiT4tj8sgmajTwP-ytAXE8x1rBKZaBl8m7wLRp9IPWNz0oZUdAySZ_DTc5oOx86nr_Q6sVU-VohYQggkGts3zgVsLSdJflY3Umah46E-YDyTLDts_teQ/s640/wynton-use.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The Danger of a Backup
Plan<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In Katie Couric’s <i>New
York Times</i> bestseller <i>The Best Advice I Ever Got: Lessons from
Extraordinary Lives</i>, she interviews many leaders from all walks of life
about the best advice they ever received. One of her interviewees is the famous
trumpet player Wynton Marsalis. What was the best advice Wynton’s ever got? <b>Don’t
have a backup plan.<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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Yes, I know that is controversial. I know parents reading
this blog who are worried about their children securing a steady job don’t want
to tell their children to not have a backup plan. But the truth of the matter is,
some students major in music education, business, engineering, or other fields,
purely as a backup plan when their heart is in performance. Their passion is to share music with the world, to offer their instrument or voice to
others as a gift of emotion and expression. Simply put, they want to play!<br />
<br /></div>
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Wynton’s rationale against having a backup plan? <b>That if
you have a fallback plan, you’re bound to simply fall back on it. <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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If you truly know that you want to be a performer, pursue it
with reckless abandon. Commit yourself every day to studying, practicing, and
perfecting your instrument. Perform as often as you can. Surround yourself with
friends, mentors, and colleagues who share this passion. Enter as many competitions as you can find. Pursue a college
degree in performance. And it’s OK to not have a backup plan.<br />
<br /></div>
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You may fail. But if you fail, the lessons you learn along
the way – the lessons you learn about yourself, your grit, your determination,
and how your mind and body react to stressful situations – these lessons teach
you more than you could ever learn in any classroom course. These lessons will
serve you well in life, even if you don’t earn your living as a performer.
(More on that in just a moment)</div>
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<b>Graduate Performance Degrees</b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
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Graduate performance degrees are intended for intensive
study on your primary instrument in preparation for a full-time career as a
performer. This can include master's, certificate, diploma, and doctoral programs. At many universities, only minimal classroom classes are required
for a graduate degree in performance. For me, the best case for doing a
graduate degree in performance:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>time to
practice! (Side note: Check out the curriculum when you’re researching
prospective graduate schools. Many students fail to do this and are frustrated
when they arrive at a school eager to practice and perform, only to find the
school requires a large load of academic courses.)<br />
<br /></div>
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In my opinion, for most instruments and most people, you
should plan to practice three to four hours per day when pursuing a graduate
degree in performance. <i>You should practice with the goal that you will be
nationally competitive for a full-time performance position upon the conclusion
of your studies.</i><br />
<i><br /></i></div>
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I did what a lot of people do: I earned my bachelor’s degree
in music education and then went on to graduate school for music performance.
In a way, this combines the rationale of this and last week’s blog posts
together; you have the security and well-roundedness of an undergraduate degree
in music education, but the opportunity to focus your performance skills on
your primary instrument in an intensive graduate degree in performance. Many
people do this, I did this, and this is certainly a very possible and logical
degree sequence.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Final Thoughts<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I’ve seen many studies that show that the majority of people
have careers in fields other than their college major. The <i>Washington Post</i>
recently reported that <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2013/05/20/only-27-percent-of-college-grads-have-a-job-related-to-their-major/">only 27% of college graduates are employed in a field related to their major</a>.</div>
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<br /></div>
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While this might seem like very depressing news, the good
news is twofold: First, the skills learned in a music performance degree
transcend the classroom and can prepare one for many careers inside and outside
of music. For example, it has been well established that <a href="https://www.handmade-music.com/pdfs/medschl.pdf">music majors have the highest acceptance rate into medical school of any college major</a>. Moreover, <a href="https://helix.northwestern.edu/blog/2015/03/musicians-may-make-better-scientists">a recent article “Musicians make Better Scientists”</a> advocates that the spatio-temporal reasoning, language skills, self-esteem, and
persistence of musicians prepares them very well for careers in science.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Second, I believe music majors have much better career
outcomes than the 27% placement rate for all majors mentioned above, and this
belief is based on firsthand observation of students making it in the real
world. I am now in my 13<sup>th</sup> year as a college trumpet professor and
nearly all of my graduates are enjoying full-time careers in music. It has been
a delight seeing students become college professors, orchestral musicians,
military musicians, band directors, arts administrators, composers, church
musicians, and other varied positions in music. I have seen with my own eyes
that a career in music is possible, both in my own life, and in the lives of my
students. That being said, occasionally someone goes a different direction, and
use the skills they learned in music toward a fruitful career in another field
-- and that’s ok! The lessons learned in music lessons will enhance and enrich
their lives, regardless of their career path.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you want to be a performer, go for it! Being a performer
is a special and important calling, and it is totally appropriate to pursue in
the form of a degree in music performance.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-16102789806442593382020-01-27T07:13:00.003-05:002023-03-18T17:55:05.177-04:00The Case for the Music Education Degree<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Most college and university music programs offer a
bachelor’s degree in music education. For many schools, it is their most
popular music degree program. When high school students approach me and are
interested in music as a major but aren’t sure of which path, I often first
suggest the Bachelor of Music in Music Education degree.<br />
<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWE6h-w4xJOp0Vhrgn86fcnvvKWCuoHB51J_MX4fj0OZCgqcGDDY1q9A90r4EEedNYf0Fj0W8nQqLW_diAuU8u6CaledznzHRGdG4DzVjBrcxlfYBO5pGWPhHM2eG3Uu2SmTIJ/s1600/oscar+and+trumpets.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="648" data-original-width="968" height="427" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWE6h-w4xJOp0Vhrgn86fcnvvKWCuoHB51J_MX4fj0OZCgqcGDDY1q9A90r4EEedNYf0Fj0W8nQqLW_diAuU8u6CaledznzHRGdG4DzVjBrcxlfYBO5pGWPhHM2eG3Uu2SmTIJ/s640/oscar+and+trumpets.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
Music education is a very stable and in-demand profession. Virtually every community in the United States has a need for multiple full-time music educators. My small hometown in the mountains of Virginia has less than 2,000 people, yet there are four full-time music educators employed there at elementary, middle, and high schools. In addition to full-time salaries, these positions offer medical/dental insurance benefits, as well as retirement packages. And let’s not forget that perk of the three-month summer vacation!<br />
<br />
As a music educator myself, I must say that teaching is a
wonderful profession and I am truly lucky to get to share music with young
students for a living. If you want to be a music teacher at any level, from
pre-K to university, a music education degree is a great choice. However, I
think it’s rather self-evident that the music education degree is appropriate
for future music educators. I’d rather take this week’s blog post in different
direction…. What about students who are not sure they want to be music educators?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> What about students with other interests inside and outside of the music field? </span>Is there a value in them getting a music
education degree?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What about students who know their first choice of career is
composer, performer, church musician, conductor, or arts administrator? Or what
about students who enjoy music but are thinking about careers in business, law,
medicine, or other fields?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In many ways,
a music education degree also cultivates skills that are useful in other
areas.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For example:<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Composition</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you want to be a composer, a music education degree will
provide you with methods courses on all of the standard woodwind, brass,
percussion, and string instruments. These courses will help you develop basic
skills on all of these instruments and help you understand how to write
appropriately for each of them. I work with composers a lot I can honestly say
that many of the questions they ask me about my instrument would be answered in
an undergraduate brass methods course. Music education coursework also usually
includes some classes composition, instrumentation, and arranging.<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Performance</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you want to be a performer, a music education degree is
useful because the pedagogy, lesson planning, and methods courses will help you
be a better teacher to yourself and others. It will help you develop a<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>systematic pedagogical approach on your
instrument. If you become a full-time performer, students will seek you out for private lessons, and universities and festivals
may seek you out as a guest clinician. Also, many performers are interested in
college teaching positions, and an undergraduate degree in music education not
only prepares them to be a teacher, but often prepares them to teach courses
like brass methods, and therefore makes them more attractive to search
committees. Moreover, a music education degree also usually includes a rigorous
applied music component as well as a senior performance recital at the end of
your studies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, the experience of
being a beginner again, via methods courses on every instrument in the band
and orchestra, will help you re-evaluate and develop your own musical
fundamentals on your primary instrument.<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Church Musician</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Church musicians have many musical challenges: They must
bring together trained and non-trained musicians toward a common goal; They
must bridge the traditions of vocal and instrumental music; They must be
familiar with orchestration and arranging, as well as the transpositions of all
the various instruments. Many of us have been a guest musician for a church
service where we have experienced the frustration of having instrumental parts
in the wrong keys or wrong transpositions and the chaos that inevitably
ensues. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Often this is because the music
leadership only understands their own instrument. Often<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>church musicians have as their primary
instrument organ, piano, voice, or guitar -- all of course non-transposing
instruments who read at concert pitch.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>If prospective church musicians pursue a music education degree, they
will receiving training on many other instruments and will have the skills to
avoid these problems. In addition, musical leadership in sacred settings
requires many forms of teaching, and a music education degree would obviously
prepare them to be better teachers. In many ways, the music education
curriculum provides for an ideal background to meet all of these challenges.<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Conducting</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you want to be a conductor, a music education degree is
useful because in most cases this degree has more conducting courses than other
undergraduate music degrees, and, the instrumental methods courses will provide
you with hands-on experience and empirical knowledge of all of instruments
that you will be expected to lead.<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Arts Administration</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you want to be an arts administrator, a music education
degree will provide you with a background in a variety of music areas in which
your career as an administrator will intersect. You will learn to appreciate
the larger role of music in society and how it affects students, teachers,
parents, performers, and community members alike.<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Fields Outside of
Music</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What if you enjoy music, but aren't quite sure if you want to pursue it as a career? What if you foresee your future vocation in
another field, such as business, go to law school, or be a medical doctor?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think the music education degree – with
skills you cultivate in time management, performing, planning, self-discipline, creativity, self-expression, communication, and bringing people together to achieve a common goal – is even
an appropriate undergraduate degree for these and other fields outside of
music. I personally know several software engineers, lawyers, doctors, businesspeople, and even
clergy in the Lutheran, Methodist, and Presbyterian traditions who earned their
bachelor’s degree in music education.<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Conclusion</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
My undergraduate degree is in music education, and while I
initially pursued it for the purposes of being a high school band director,
this degree has also proven itself useful in my career as a university trumpet
professor, as well as in other areas of my life and career. The robust skill
set you develop in the music education curriculum applies not only to teaching
careers, but also to many other areas inside and outside of music. I strongly
encourage young musicians to seriously consider the bachelor’s degree in
music education as a wonderful path with many possible outcomes.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In continuing the theme of complementary perspectives... Next week’s blog topic: The Case for the Music Performance
Degree</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).<span id="goog_556971937"></span><span id="goog_556971938"></span></span></i></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-20264671823435359632020-01-15T07:52:00.002-05:002023-03-18T17:55:29.786-04:00How to Practice<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{8a60423c-569c-407d-8b04-7e4006080996}{196}" paraid="590815474" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{8a60423c-569c-407d-8b04-7e4006080996}{228}" paraid="1085958745" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">goal</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">of this meme </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">is of course to guilt us into practicing.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> If you see the conclusion of each </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">this meme's</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> the paths, they all with things like "keep practicing" and "don't stop." Let us be clear here: THIS IS NOT HEALTHY. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">We cannot live like this. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">While I agree that we should have a passion for practicing every day, I do not believe it is healthy to go through life with the constant mindset of "I should be practicing right now."</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{1}" paraid="48969615" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{5}" paraid="1611775534" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">How Much Should You Practice?</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{11}" paraid="1778755593" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{15}" paraid="688036347" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">So how much should you practice? </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">First, let me say that the </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">quality</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> of your practice is much more important than the </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">quantity</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> of your practice. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Look for ways to be focused, efficient, and goal</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">-oriented in the practice room, but more on that in just a moment.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{35}" paraid="1513733091" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{39}" paraid="704373388" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">For a very unscientific generalization, I will say a lot of teachers and university syllabi recommend around two hours of practice per day as a general rule of thumb. I think this is a reasonable place to begin our conversation, and honestly, in my present life, this is about how much I practice most days. For ambitious students, up to three or four hours per day is not unreasonable, especially for performance majors, graduate students, and/or students who want to earn their living playing their instrument. In my opinion, we need to be very careful if we plan to practice more than four hours in a single day, as this may be excessive or even injurious for some people. When I was in graduate school, I usually practiced four hours per day, but when I exceeded this, I sometimes felt pain in my lips. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Musicians need to be mindful of their health and wellness, to allow their body to recover and to avoid burnout</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. (For other ways of developing your craft, see my previous blog post: <a href="http://jasondovel.blogspot.com/2020/01/how-to-not-practice.html">How to Not Practice</a>.) </span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{53}" paraid="1103688598" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{57}" paraid="1045443841" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I highly recommend keeping a practice journal, writing down when you practice, what you practice, and how long you spend on each item. Write down goals and reflections about your work and progress. A practice journal can both challenge and encourage you. It will challenge you because you can see clearly all the areas you need to work on and what you have neglected. However, it can also encourage you. If you are feeling particularly unproductive in a practice session, pick up your practice journal, and flip back through a few pages. You'll see written out in front of you exactly how much work you have done in preceding days and weeks, and how much progress you have made. It can help you see the larger picture of what your are trying to accomplish and </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">help you </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">not get too frustrated by a single practice session.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{67}" paraid="1923339244" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{71}" paraid="1827875446" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I recommend dividing your p</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ractice into multiple sessions, which can be divided into "fundamentals" and "repertoire" sessions.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{79}" paraid="218862605" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{83}" paraid="410612290" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Fundamentals</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{89}" paraid="237481994" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{93}" paraid="1594578193" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I recommend</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> a</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> 30-60 minute “fundamentals” session in the morning “before the day begins.” </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I encourage my students to </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">schedule this session immediately</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> before their first class begins. For myself, I do my fundamentals session between 6:45am-7:45a.m. every morning before I start teaching at 8am. My fundamentals session is </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">not</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> a “warm-up” (I tell students to make their first notes of the day their most beautiful) but rather a series of physical and technical skills that I am trying to improve every day. My morning fundamentals routine consists of:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{113}" paraid="1611013708" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{117}" paraid="1702835667" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Breathing e</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">xercises with a 6L b</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">reathing bag</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{127}" paraid="50675808" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Cichowicz</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">-style long tones</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW144811664 BCX0" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> (from my teacher James Kluesner)
</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">More exercises with a 6L b</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">reathing bag</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{141}" paraid="2011827773" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Scales to full range of </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">instrument</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{149}" paraid="1812073810" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">More exercises with a 6L b</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">reathing bag</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{157}" paraid="253698203" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Articulation</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW144811664 BCX0" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">More exercises with a 6L b</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">reathing bag</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{167}" paraid="1522770071" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Accuracy/Interval/Dynamic studies from Richard </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Schu</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">brek’s</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Graded Lip Trainers</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{183}" paraid="74279138" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Hebert L. Clarke </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Technical Studies</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{191}" paraid="1156251036" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{195}" paraid="1924340934" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I usually take 45 to 60 minutes to do this full routine, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">bu</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">t</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I should emphasize that there is plenty of rest scattered amongst the ex</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ercises.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{211}" paraid="1268045221" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{215}" paraid="1149332148" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">This morning fundamentals routine is aimed at setting the player up for success for the rest of the day. As Vincent </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Cichowicz</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">said, “We must build our house every day.”</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{227}" paraid="1039058537" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{231}" paraid="1943530639" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Repertoire</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{237}" paraid="911653291" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{325fd425-e4fc-4892-9686-cb001ef67b44}{241}" paraid="716544299" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">When you devote your morning session to fundamentals, l</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ater practice sessio</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ns can be devoted to repertoire:</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Etudes, solos, chamber music, large ensemble music, etc.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> For me, this usually happens on my lunch hour, when I work on the upcoming repertoire I have to prepare for solo recitals, orchestral engagements, chamber music, etc. For students, this will be similar, and your teacher probably is assigning you a regular regimen of repertoire for these later practice sessions. If your goal is to practice two hours per day, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">you may practice repertoire in a single hour session or in two shorter sessions. More ambitious students may want to have repertoire practice sessions for longer periods of time, so long as ample rest is taken.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> (Let's say it again: </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Musicians need to </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">be mindful of their</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> health and wellness</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">,</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> to allow their body to recover and to avoid burnout</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">.)</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{18}" paraid="1174079512" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{22}" paraid="1515659446" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">One strategy I like to employ for these later “repertoire” practice sessions is to be goal-oriented rather than time-oriented. In other words, rather than say “Ok, now I’m going to go practice for an hour,” I think more in terms of, “Ok, now I’m going to go work out the transposition for the </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">last movement of this piece” or “I’m going to practice until I figure out the rhythms on the first page of this new brass quintet piece.” I find that when I’m goal-oriented I’m usually much more efficient and finish early.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> I enjoy the satisfaction of achieving a goal and then go take a break.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{32}" paraid="77541835" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{36}" paraid="809972798" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">When to Practice</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{42}" paraid="1393721953" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{46}" paraid="764877618" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I've already mentioned the idea of fundamentals in the morning and repertoire later on, but here are some other suggestions about when to practice:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{52}" paraid="1648913413" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{56}" paraid="417649592" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">If you are taking private lessons, the very best time to practice is right after your lesson. At this point all of your teacher's ideas are fresh in your mind and you can put them into action immediately. Perhaps the worst time to practice is right before your lesson; Yes you should warm up before your lesson, but don't try to cram in neglected material in the final hours leading up to your lesson.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{62}" paraid="1090610476" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{66}" paraid="54243114" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Let me say this, especially to young students: The time you spend in ensemble rehearsals does not count toward your practice time. Rehearsing = playing your instrument with others; Practicing = playing your instrument by yourself. You need to schedule practice time in addition to the time you are playing in ensembles. That being said, students do need to factor in the amount of time they are playing in ensembles into when and how much they practice. Days when you have a heavy schedule of ensemble rehearsals may not be the best days for long hours of private practice. </span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{72}" paraid="1268319598" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{76}" paraid="519584575" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The last thing I’ll say about “when” to practice is this: Plan and protect your practice time. Build it into your schedule just like a meal or an academic class. (Since the audience of this blog is musicians, let me also emphasize the importance of going to class and eating three meals a day!) I’ve already mentioned that I do a lot of my practice before 8 a.m., and then the rest of it usually happens on my lunch hour. A secondary benefit of scheduling your practice time: Guilt-free living! What I mean is, if you have your practice time scheduled, you can use your unscheduled time however you please, without the guilt of “I should be practicing now.” (It's a real drag to be at the movies with friends with the lingering guilt of "</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Oh no, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I didn't practice today</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">!</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">") Unlike the message of the meme above, you do not need to keep practicing endlessly, and you SHOULD stop and do something else. At the end of the teaching day, i</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">f I don’t have an evening </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">performance </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">engagement, I usually</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> leave my instruments at school, and am free to go home, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">enjoy the evening off with my family </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">rather </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">than feel the guilt of needing to</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> spend more time on the instrument.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{112}" paraid="178693815" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Quality Practice</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{118}" paraid="1306259200" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{122}" paraid="1266024777" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Now that we’ve sort of </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">addressed</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> the “how much," "what," </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">and “when” questions, let’s talk about some brief “how” practice strategies.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">As I said before, quality of practice time is more important than quantity. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">For me, the two overarching goals I have for all of my practice </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">sessions </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">are</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="(%1)" data-listid="1" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{146}" paraid="1862247892" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1) As efficiently as possible</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="(%1)" data-listid="1" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{153}" paraid="1923898783" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2) As beautifully as possible</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{160}" paraid="878827385" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; margin-left: 48px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{164}" paraid="1942258911" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">For me, efficiency is everything. I play a lot of solo and chamber music recitals that place a lot of demands upon my endurance. (And endurance never came naturally for me.) If I’m practicing and it “feels hard” and there is tension in my playing, and it doesn't sound beautiful, I immediately put the horn down and go to the breathing bag. For me, healthy breathing is the best antidote to tension (more on that in a future blog entry). I also find that, for me personally, when I’m playing inefficiently, I’m usually using too large of an aperture.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> To remedy this,</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> I focus my lips gently t</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ogether with the letter “M” (See Keith Johnson's books </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The Art of Trumpet </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Playing</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Brass Performance and </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Pedagogy</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> for some advice in this area.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> This could be another blog post entirely.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">) </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Usually</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> for me, if I get my breathing relaxed</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> and lips focused</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, my playing is much more efficient.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">If </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">these efforts at relaxing don't work</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, I</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">usually put the horn back in the case and just come back later. I see no purpose in repeating a bad sound with tension. Which is a good segue to wha</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">t I think is the most important aspect</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> of </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">quality</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> practice – repetition.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{220}" paraid="1022548150" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{224}" paraid="932409944" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Healthy Repetition</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{230}" paraid="263684728" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{234}" paraid="173362289" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I tell students that trumpet playing is neither hard nor easy – rather, it’s </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">simple</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. And the key to developing our trumpet playing to a high level is correctly repeating </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">simple</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> fundamentals at a high level.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{248}" paraid="532912453" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{f80159bc-38e6-49c3-b46f-d6a98249d8e5}{252}" paraid="818556993" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">I find that students’ practice sessions often go something like this:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{3}" paraid="90360590" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="2" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{7}" paraid="602620951" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1) Lousy initial attempt at a passage.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
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<div class="BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="2" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{14}" paraid="936316223" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2) Second attempt that’s a bit more accurate, still with many errors.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
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<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="3" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="2" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{21}" paraid="166262931" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">3) Third attempt that’s better yet, but still lots of physical tension and musical instability.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="4" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="4" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="2" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{28}" paraid="1957002807" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">4) Fourth attempt that’s the best yet, and </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">maybe 80-</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">90% correct in terms of the notes and rhythms.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="5" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="5" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="2" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{39}" paraid="566486742" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">5) Move on to something else.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{46}" paraid="885918273" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{50}" paraid="1902917292" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The problem with the above repetition regimen is that THERE ARE NO CORRECT REPETITIONS. Practice doesn’t make perfect – practice makes permanent, and the student who practices in the above manner has merely repeated errors, reinforcing them as a "permanent" part of how they play.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{56}" paraid="1659630533" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{60}" paraid="256714719" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">One saying that I have with regard to repetition is</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{68}" paraid="1838719275" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{72}" paraid="1406848160" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> “Practicing begins when we get it right.”</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW144811664 BCX0" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW144811664 BCX0" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">In other words, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">all of the “bad” attempts are merely front matter that precede a correct version that is both musically and technically correct</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. Once we “get it right,” then we repeat it. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">And repeat it. Then slow it down. And then repeat it again. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Then play it even slower. Then repeat it again. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">By repeating it in a simple and fundamental way, we can learn to repeat it over and over at a high level. </span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{90}" paraid="692509570" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{94}" paraid="45155225" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Said another way:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{100}" paraid="646641369" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Thoughtful, c</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">orrect repetitions = </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">high </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">quality practice. </span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW144811664 BCX0" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Mindless</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">,</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> incorrect repetitions = low quality practice. </span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW144811664 BCX0" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; white-space: pre;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{100}" paraid="646641369" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{118}" paraid="1029210081" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Here are some </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">other suggestions for quality practice time:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{126}" paraid="1503120413" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{130}" paraid="526158480" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1) Play slowly. Slow practice is a time-tested, proven way of learning that nearly all teachers agree upon.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Slo</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">w it down so you can score some thoughtful, correct repetitions.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{141}" paraid="573437926" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2) Vary the rhythm. I don’t mean deliberately play sloppy rhythms. I mean vary the rhythm in a way that makes the practice interesting and stim</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ulating, such as taking a long 4</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">-measure chain of 16</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> notes and playing them as dotted rhythms, triplets, or varied rhythms.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="3" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{156}" paraid="136287784" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">3) Utilize </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Cichowicz</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">/Jacobs </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">“wind patterns.” I define wind patterns as playing without the instrument, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">simply blowing the air, while</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> using the articulation syllables and air compression similar to what you would use on the instrument. I find this particularly helpful when working with passages that pose articulation and agility challenges.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="4" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="4" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{173}" paraid="1941125274" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">4) Sing the music. Often we play badly simply be</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">cause we can’t hear it. Usually</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">,</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">if you can sing it, you can play it.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="5" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="5" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{188}" paraid="954252091" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">5) Play the passage with the correct printed rhythms and articulation, but all on a</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> single </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">repeated </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">pitch.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="6" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="6" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{203}" paraid="2069367821" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">6) Play the passage with the correct pitches and rhythms, but slurring every note.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="7" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{210}" paraid="31233873" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">7) Play down the octave. (When this is possible)</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="8" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="8" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{217}" paraid="1462275744" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">8) Play the instrument using your left hand to press the valves down. The idea behind this "trick" is that, since the right side of your brain controls </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">the left side of your body, this connects the artistic, creative part of your brain to the mechanical fingers of your left hand.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="9" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="9" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{228}" paraid="725288858" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">9) Play the music on the a different instrument. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">If you're a trumpet player, play the passage on the piano.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">)</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="10" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="10" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="3" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{9a30d83f-cdee-4745-9c00-41621e07c964}{241}" paraid="444716368" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">10) Consider more contemporary concepts of practice, such as Ryan Beach's new "</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.buzzsprout.com/238536/898147-powerlifting-and-music-what-they-have-in-common">Powerlifting</a></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.buzzsprout.com/238536/898147-powerlifting-and-music-what-they-have-in-common">"-inspired approach</a> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{2}" paraid="286260535" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{6}" paraid="1599697746" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">There are many, many other practice strategies, and these are merely a few that I like to employ with my students and in my own private practice.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{12}" paraid="1802081145" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{16}" paraid="1611494637" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Staying Motivated</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{22}" paraid="1072296511" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{26}" paraid="717115045" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">The last thing I will say about how to practice -- find ways to stay motivated and keep the</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> passion alive. Progress on a musical instrument </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">can be slow. Practice sessions can be maddening</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">!</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Here are some suggestions for keeping the passion and energy in your practice sessions:</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="1" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{40}" paraid="132580146" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">1) Take physical breaks. Take a walk around the music building</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> or your house</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. Jog up </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">or down </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">the stairs to the next floor and back to your practice room. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Do some jumping jacks, push-ups, and/or sit-ups. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Walk outside and get some fresh air.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="2" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{59}" paraid="210138387" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">2) Take </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">mental breaks.</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Find something you enjoy doing, or need to do, and make it a regular routine </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">to break up your practice with these activities</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Playing a word in </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Words with Friends</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">, a</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">nswering email, calling your parents, studying music theory, etc.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="3" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="3" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{82}" paraid="2057686173" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">3) Document your progress by writing in your books. Clarke studies may seem awfully frustrating until you notice the pencil markings that reveal you've progressed 50 </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">metronome </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">clicks in the past two weeks.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="4" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="4" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{93}" paraid="1719444155" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">4) Practice with friends</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Reading orchestral excerpts, improvising with </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Aebersold</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> or </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">iReal</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Pro backing tracks, etc. </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">(</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Also s</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">ee </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="SpellingError SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: inherit; background-image: url("data:image/gif; background-position: left bottom; background-repeat: repeat-x; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Wiff</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> Rudd's </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">Collaborative Practice</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> book)</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="5" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="5" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{126}" paraid="1445605675" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">5) Limit your the length of an individual practice sessions to </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">a </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">period of time that you can stay focused and engaged.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="6" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="6" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{137}" paraid="124547213" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">6) On a regular basis, introduce something new into your practice. (Without introducing too many new things at once.)</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="7" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{144}" paraid="1559733741" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">7) Be sure there are some things on your music stand that you enjoy playing. Yes, </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">there are things you are obligated to learn</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> for school or gigs, and some of those might be frustrating, so</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> have some things on the stand that you look forward to playing.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="ListContainerWrapper SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<ol class="NumberListStyle1 SCXW144811664 BCX0" role="list" start="8" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; cursor: text; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
<li aria-setsize="-1" class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" data-aria-level="1" data-aria-posinset="8" data-font="Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif" data-leveltext="%1." data-listid="4" role="listitem" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Calibri, Calibri_MSFontService, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{157}" paraid="1842208018" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">8) Intersperse listening sessions into your practice, so that you are inspired by great artists.</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
<span class="ListMarkerWrappingSpan SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="ListMarker SCXW144811664 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; display: inline-block; height: 1px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; visibility: visible;"></span></span></li>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{168}" paraid="948334598" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">A healthy cycle of practice and improvement goes something like this: We practice, therefore we get better, and therefore playing our instrument becomes more enjoyable. We then have more fun and want to play more. So we practice more. Then we get even better. Then we have even more fun! (And then we go take a break, enjoying the self-confidence we earned from our progress.)</span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW144811664" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;">
<div class="Paragraph SCXW144811664 BCX0" paraeid="{3f33b40e-6aa5-4a83-a227-be4c8339eacc}{178}" paraid="1425013350" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">After many years of trumpet playing,</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US"> I still </span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">have fun practicing</span><span class="TextRun SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" xml:lang="EN-US">! I hope the ideas in this blog post help you enjoy many years of growth and enjoyment on your instrument. </span><span class="EOP SCXW144811664 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" face=""calibri" , "calibri_embeddedfont" , "calibri_msfontservice" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></div>
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<i style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual <a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/" style="color: #002a77; text-decoration-line: none;">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).</span></i></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-65601426870662688602020-01-09T08:01:00.001-05:002023-03-18T17:55:17.174-04:00How to Not Practice*<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Now that I've got your
attention -- notice the asterisk. Practicing your instrument is of course one
of the most important activities for developing as a musician. If you want to
have a career in music, and especially if you want to perform for a living, you
need to wake up every day knowing at least a couple of hours will be devoted to
cultivating your craft in private, focused practice. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">I have been playing trumpet nearly three
decades -- and I still really enjoy practicing, and still strive to be better
today than I was yesterday. As much as I don't like to hear a student say
"I haven't practiced because...," sometimes it truly is not advisable
to practice, and it may be helpful to consider how to use our time when we are
not practicing. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">
<br />
*Situations that may preclude us from practicing include:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When our lips are
in pain and/or have that "pins and needles" feeling.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When we’ve
already played a lot and additional practicing could be unproductive or
injurious.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When there is a
big performance that night for which we want to “save our chops.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">After we've had
wisdom teeth extraction or other surgery that makes playing difficult.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When we have
experienced an injury to our hand, arm, or other part of our body that makes it
painful or difficult to practice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When we have an
illness that makes it difficult to practice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">When we are
traveling and finding a physical space to practice is problematic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Often I find students in
these situations just throw in the towel, play video games, watch Netflix, or
find other ways to squander their time. However, when we find ourselves in these and
other situations, there are many other ways where we can still be productive
and develop as musicians. Below is a list of 25 examples of activities we can
do to keep growing even if we're not practicing:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Listen! Find ways
to actively listen to great performers of your instrument. Here's one way: Identify
five performers you admire. (Ask your teacher for a list if you don't know
where to start.) Go on YouTube, Spotify, ITunes, etc., and compare and contrast
their sound, artistry, and interpretation. Learn as much as you can about each
of the players. Why do they play the way they do? How is their vibrato
different? How is their dynamic range different? How is their tone quality
different? Come up with five distinct and descriptive adjectives for each of
the five players, and try to avoid using the same adjective twice. Discover
what makes each of these players unique, and compare these adjectives to words
you would use to describe your own playing. When you do practice again, keep
this list of adjectives nearby and use them for inspiration in your own
practice and performance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Listen to
recordings of yourself. Charlie Geyer once told me, “When you listen to a
recording of yourself, there’s only one question you need to ask yourself: ‘Why
is this not the best player I’ve ever heard?’” Listen for weaknesses in your
playing and make a list of ways to improve those deficiencies in your future
practice sessions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Transcribe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For jazz musicians, this is an obvious and
crucial step of development, but classical player can and should do this as
well. You don’t need to rely on finding the pitches on your instrument – use
your ears! (Although having a piano nearby is helpful.) You can use notation
software, but I like the old-fashioned way -- Get a pencil and staff
paper.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Transcribe anything – improvised
jazz solos, yes, but you can also transcribe standard classical repertoire,
early music, new music, anything! (One thing I have been doing a lot lately is
transcribing pop songs off Youtube to be played by the UK Trumpet Ensemble and
UK Faculty Brass Quintet to play at school concerts and/or as encores.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Find a musician
who has the ideal career that you would like to have. Perhaps they are an
orchestral player, a college professor, a composer, jazz musician, a band
director, etc. Look them up online. Find out everything you can about them:
where they went to school, who their teachers were, what they did before the
earned their current position, what competitions they won, what summer
festivals they attended and/or teach at, etc. Learn from their career path and
seek new inspiration and ideas from their story.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Research five
specific job postings for positions you might be interested in one day. Look at
the job description, audition and application requirements and think about any
weaknesses you may have. If the audition description requires two choruses of
improvisation on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Up Jumped Spring, </i>that
might be a clue that those kinds of jobs require improvisation so you had
better get to work in that department. If an orchestral position requires part
of the audition on rotary trumpet and you’ve never played rotary trumpet, you
might want to look to get access to, and experience on, that instrument. If the
application requires a video of you teaching, and you’ve never recorded
yourself teaching, you might want to do that!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Listen to
recordings of lessons you have taken. (In order to do this you need to record
your lessons, of course.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Listen to the
music of other instruments. (Recently, I have been listening to a lot of vocal
music.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Study the piano
score for the solo repertoire you are currently working on or may play in the
future.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Study the score
to large ensemble and chamber music repertoire that you’re currently working on
or may play in the future.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Research solo repertoire you might want to play on
future juries, recitals, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Research chamber music repertoire you might want to
play on future recitals, concerts, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Practice your piano/keyboard skills.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Practice your ear-training and sight-singing. (There
are some cool resources, apps, programs, and podcasts for this.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Study music theory.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Study music history.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Visit the websites of professional organizations, such
as the International Trumpet Guild and Historic Brass Society. If you're not a
member, join. Catch yourself up to speed with conferences, competitions, news,
and other events pertinent to your instrument. Find ways to get involved.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">17.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Read period treatises written for your instrument.
(For trumpeters, this could include Fantini, Bendinelli, Altenburg, etc.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">18.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Read journal articles for your instrument. (For
trumpet players, this could include the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">International
Trumpet Guild Journal, Historic Brass Society Journal,</i> and many others.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">19.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Read well-respected books on your instrument. (For
trumpeters, my two favorites are Keith Johnson’s <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Art of Trumpet Playing</i> and Kristian Steenstrup’s <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Teaching Brass</i>.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">20.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Research summer festivals and programs you might want
to participate in this summer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Carefully
check out deadlines, cost, and other requirements. (Shameless plug: <a href="http://dovel.myartsonline.com/STI/">University of Kentucky Summer Trumpet Institute, June 8-11, 2020</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">21.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Research graduate programs in music. Contact potential
teachers, inquire if you can get a lesson with them and if openings in their
program fit your timeline for graduation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">22.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Compose new music.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">23.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Arrange existing music.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">24.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Listening to music and pedagogy Podcasts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">25.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Reading music blogs. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">When I was a student, I
was generally pretty good about practicing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But the other stuff -- this list of 25 "other" things to do
when you're not practicing -- I was pretty bad at those things. Looking in the
rearview mirror, I should have spent more time in these areas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Yes, of course, practicing
is essential to your development and we must make a priority for it every day.
That being said, I hope this list inspires you to be more productive with your
“time away from the horn.” As soon as you can, get back at it. Coming up in the
next blog entry – How to Practice!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Jason Dovel is associate professor of trumpet at the
University of Kentucky and a Yamaha Performing Artist. He is host of the annual
<a href="https://uktrumpetinstitute.weebly.com/">UK Summer Trumpet Institute</a> held every June in Lexington, KY (USA).<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18534462.post-84202586308310706712020-01-09T07:54:00.000-05:002020-01-09T08:38:20.219-05:00About this Blog<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
With the start of a new year, I have decided to create this new
blog, "Perspectives in Music Pedagogy."<br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
My approach in this blog will be providing pairs of entries that offer different perspectives on a music or trumpet-related topic. My hope is to
not just share my opinion, but show how different approaches can actually be complementary,
rather than contradictory.<br />
<br /></div>
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This semester at the University of Kentucky I'm teaching the class "Trumpet Pedagogy/Literature"
and it's quite likely that some of that course content will spill over into
this blog, and vice versa. I (and my students) welcome your comments and feedback.
If you find these useful, feel free to share!<br />
<br /></div>
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<u>A teaser of future topics on which I plan to write:</u></div>
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How to Not Practice<br />
How to Practice</div>
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The Case for New Music<br />
The Case for Early Music</div>
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Product over Process<br />
Process over Product</div>
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Why Where You Go to School Matters<br />
Why it Doesn't Matter Where You Go to School</div>
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Why You Must Learn How to Breathe<br />
Why You Already Know How to Breathe</div>
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The Case for Buzzing the Mouthpiece<br />
The Case Against Buzzing the Mouthpiece</div>
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0